| Scientific research plays the central role in postgraduate education, problem is the precondition of scientific research, scientific research problem awareness, a psychological activity of finding problems!proposing problems and solving problems, is the key factor that influences postgraduates scientific research ability and scientific research quality. At the same time, innovation thinking dates from problems, problem awareness is the logical starting point and the internal power of innovation activities, innovation will not exist without problem awareness. Therefore, it is really significant to improve postgraduates scientific research problem awareness with the purpose of developing postgraduates scientific research ability, innovation ability and improving postgraduates scientific research quality.Based on the integration and analysis of pre-existing literatures, this research afresh explains the definition of postgraduates scientific research problem awareness, it is defined as a postgraduates psychological activity of finding and proposing some worthy problems about scientific research theories or practices consciously, exploring these problems actively and making innovations in scientific research. The psychological activity stimulates postgraduates to find, propose and solve problems. In essence, postgraduates scientific research problem awareness means postgraduates cognitive idea and idea of intention on scientific research problems, and it shows postgraduates related ability of act on scientific research problems. According to the definition, postgraduates scientific research problem awareness contains six aspects, they are finding problem awareness, demonstrating the value of problem awareness, proposing problem awareness, doubting awareness, exploring problem awareness and innovating awareness. In addition, every aspect includes cognition, intention and ability of act respectively. In the research achievements of pre-existing literatures, there are a lot of factors influencing postgraduates scientific research problem awarenessHthey are mainly the motivation of scientific research, professional knowledge, the mode of study, the method of scientific research and the practice of scientific research. Based on the understanding about concept and theoretical analysis about the influencing factors of postgraduates scientific research problem awareness, this research designed questionnaire and interview outline to survey the actuality and influencing factors of postgraduates scientific research problem awareness. The questionnaire surveyed 309 full-time academic postgraduates in S university. at the same time, this research also interviewed 10 postgraduates, the following research conclusions were drawn:(1) On the whole, the level of postgraduates scientific research problem awareness is ordinary. among the six dimensions of postgraduates scientific research problem awareness, the level of proposing problem awareness is the highest, while the levels of finding problem awareness and innovating awareness are lower.The sequence on the level of six dimensions of postgraduates scientific research problem awareness from high to low is : proposing problem awareness, doubting awareness, demonstrating the value of problem awareness, exploring problem awareness, finding problem awareness, innovating awareness.(2) From the specific situation, the conclusion about finding problem awareness shows that postgraduates intentions to find scientific research problems are relatively strong, and they almost know how to find a scientific research problem, however, their actual abilities of find scientific research problems are short. the conclusion about demonstrating the value of problem awareness reveals that postgraduates initiative of demonstrating the value of scientific research problems is good, while their cognitions and abilities of act about demonstrating the value of scientific research problem are poor. In the dimension of proposing problem awareness, most of postgraduates have realized the importance of proposing problems to teachers or experts, but their initiatives and abilities of act about proposing problems should be improved. In the dimension of doubting awareness, postgraduates cognitions about doubting academic authoritative ideas are relatively good, while their initiative and abilities of act about doubting academic authoritative ideas are little poorer. In the dimension of exploring problem awareness, a majority of postgraduates are willing to explore the scientific research problems actively that they meet, but they are not clear about the method of exploring problems and can t always solve the scientific research problems successfully. In the dimension of innovating awareness, postgraduates possess strong desire for scientific research innovation, while their cognition and ability of innovation are enough obviously.(3) In different variable background, the conclusion shows that gender factor influences postgraduates scientific research problem awareness, finding problem awareness, demonstrating the value of problem awareness, doubting awareness, exploring problem awareness and innovating awareness obviously, the level of male postgraduates is higher than that of female postgraduates obviously. But gender factor doesn t influence postgraduates proposing problem awareness obviously; discipline factor doesn t influence postgraduates scientific research problems awareness and its every dimension obviously, that means there is no obvious difference about scientific research problems awareness between arts postgraduates and science postgraduates; grade factor influences postgraduates scientific research problems awareness, finding problems awareness, doubting awareness and innovating awareness obviously, the level of grade three postgraduates is higher than grade two postgraduates and grade one postgraduates, the level of grade one postgraduates is the lowest.While grade factor doesn t influence the value of demonstrating problem awareness, proposing problem awareness exploring problem awareness obviously.(4) In terms of influencing factors, postgraduates motivation of scientific research, professional knowledge, mode of study and practice of scientific research influence postgraduates scientific research problems awareness and its every dimension obviously, the method of scientific research influences postgraduates scientific research problems awareness and its other dimensions obviously expect doubting awareness.According to the above conclusions, this research put forward five strategies to improve postgraduates scientific research problems awareness:(1) Cultivating postgraduates interest in scientific research, adopting proper stimulation ways and transforming postgraduates external motivation of scientific research to internal motivation of scientific research to enhance postgraduates motivation of scientific research and internal motivation.(2) Making plans of reading literatures, reinforcing the supervision of reading literatures and setting course of literature reading to rich postgraduates professional knowledge.(3) Developing postgraduates critical thinking, encouraging postgraduates to join in academic exchanges actively, increasing postgraduates practical experience of study to make postgraduates study mode become more thoughtful, more communicative and more practical.(4) Adding the class time and category of course about scientific research method, advancing the planning and systematicness of course content about scientific research method and strengthening postgraduates practical operations in the course of scientific research method to make postgraduates master scientific research methods firmly.(5) Reforming the assessment mode of course theses and enhancing the guidance of course theses, intensifying school s supervision for academic papers which postgraduates publish by themselves and optimizing supervisor s directions for subject researches to strengthen postgraduates practical training of scientific research. |
PDF Full Text Request