| In the era of knowledge-driven economy, competitions in countries or regions greatly depend on those of S&T innovation. The innovative capacity is crucial to national and regional developments. Universities, which are the vital components in S&T innovation systems, inevitably occupy the pivotal position in cultivating creative talents, doing science researches and boosting social development. Besides, it also gives great impetus to economic development and international competition. As the main part of Chinese universities as well as the key strength of innovation-oriented national construction, therefore, local universities are committed to studying the S&T innovation efficiency of universities and further exploring the important factors which result in such differences. These researches can be good for the process of making policies, the development of higher education and S&T, and the enhancement of comprehensive national strength.Focusing on four aspects, the essay:(1) Sorts out the S&T innovation theories of colleges and universities.(2) Analyzes the R&D input and output based on the data of local universities, and summarizes some main issues.(3) Uses DEA-BC2 to vertically compare and analyze the S&T innovation efficiency of universities,and dynamically analyzes the variation of efficiency from 2004 to 2013 by Malmquist index method.(4)Explores the key factors influencing efficiency and puts forward some suggestions to promote S&T innovation overall.Conclusions:(1) According to the data of local colleges in 2013, DEA efficiency is available for 11 regions, accounting for 39% of the total, which means that there is great room for local universities to grow in terms of S&T efficiency.(2) DEA efficiency is determined by the allocation and utilization of scientific resources, instead of R&D input and output.(3) From 2004 to 2013, 11 regions kept at the stage of constant returns to scale, 8 increasing returns to scale, and 9 decreasing returns to scale. Among them, the west area increases a lot while the east decreases to some extent.(4) In recent years, the S&T innovation efficiency of Chinese local universies presented a fluctuated improving tread, which embodies the unceasing but unstable development status.(5) Malmquist TFP progress of local universities is the main incentive of its promotion of Tech.(6) The overall level of the S&T innovation efficiency of universities is mostly influenced by the human resource structure,the support of government, the appropriation expenditure and the regional economy environment. |
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