The Research On The Way Of Physical Exercise Of Retired Teachers In Chengdu

With the improvement of life quality and medical level, people’s life span has a growing trend. Meanwhile, as the implementation of One-child policy, a basic state policy in China, the oligonatality and low mortality are more worse, and old people population is rapidly rising year by year. We have entered the aging society during the 21st century. Due to the special national conditions of our country, our country aging phenomenon and its a series of effects are more serious and obvious. Improving the health of a growing number of elderly people and how to maintain a healthy long life are more and more attended by our government and society. It’s extremely important for elder people to take exercise, for it has well effects to the physic and mental health of elder people. Studies show that the mental health level of people who often take physical exercise is far superior to whom don’t take exercises. Besides, elder people, taking exercise for a long time, feel more happiness. Located in Sichuan basin and the Chengdu plain, Chengdu owns superior geographical position with a long history and many national key universities. It is a typical representative of the southwest. So it is of theoretical and practical significance to research physical exercise way of retired teachers in universities in Chengdu.Using the methods of literature, interview and questionnaire, this thesis has taken a random sample of retired staff in 8 representative universities in Chengdu. It makes an analysis on the current exercising situation of the staff from following aspects:exercise time, period, frequency, intensity, motivation, places, ways, events, and the common sports injury and influence factors. Through the statistical analysis, the author makes a conclusion and give some reasonable suggestions for the exercise of retired faculty and the organization of relevant departments, in order to better guide retired staff to take physical exercise scientifically. The conclusions are as follows:1. The age and sex structure of the retired university staff in Chengdu is male accounts for 42.9%, female accounts for 57.1%. Among them, the majority of the respondents are aged between 65～74, accounting for about 72.7%. For cultural structure, about 75% of the staff has college or undergraduate education, about 20.4% of the staff has at most high school education, and only 6.1% of the staff has education of graduate or above.2. Retired university staff in Chengdu have much leisure time, and one third of the staff choose sports activities as their lifestyle in spare time. Their main purpose of taking physical exercise is to prolong life span and improve their health. Men and women in the investigation accounted for 43% and 46% respectively.3. The result of this survey shows that most retired university staff have a relatively strong awareness of taking physical exercise.60.7% of the staff can ensure to take physical exercise more than 6 times a week. Most of them choose to do physical exercise in the morning and evening.85% of them every time can sustain exercise more than one hour and exercise intensity basically reached moderate intensity (between slightly fever and moderate sweating).4.For the choice of events, there is big difference between men and women. Men choose events that are more intense and have high requirements on the function of human body, such as tennis, walking, swimming and volleyball. But women prefer to choose events that have slow rhythm and full of artistic beauty, such as croquet, table tennis, aerobics, Tai Chi, sports dance, and so on. Their exercise methods are most from friends’recommends, newspapers, books, TV and community exercise stands and so on.5. For the exercise places, the preferred places are university playgrounds and indoor activity rooms in school. Only a small number of staff choose to take physical exercise at parks or place charging fees. Although they have relatively high awareness of physical exercise compared to other old people, their sports consumption is not high and most uses for substantial consumption. 6. According to the survey results, the injury form of retired university staff in Chengdu in the process of physical exercise is mainly about muscle spasm and bruise. The larger proportion of the injured area is the shoulder, knee and ankle. Causes of injuries are mostly because of inadequate preparation and lacking of scientific and rational guidance.7. The effect factors of taking physical exercise in Chengdu are primarily lacking guidance of professionals, organization of activities, places and equipments, and personal reasons. In the four factors, organization of activities and personal reasons are main factors of physical exercise.Therefore, the author suggests that the government and relevant departments need to pay more attention to the physical exercise of old people, improve the construction of the corresponding field equipment and other hardware facilities, carry out and organize sports activities, and train and send special community sports instructors to give scientific guidance for old people.