According to the research of ethnography, I take the Q middle school in Xi’an as an object, I research the teaching freedom of middle school teachers and it’s influencing factors, present the teaching freedom status of middle school teachers objectively. As the teachers’ teaching freedom, I will make some suggestions and strategies for teachers.In the survey, the status of teaching freedom studies were expanded from two levels: the management system of school, teacher’s teaching and research activities, the situation of teacher participation in education and teaching management. From the perspective of school management system, school often constrain the behavior of teachers by conventional management. And school also has the absolute right to arrange the schedule in school, curriculum arrangement and adjustment. Teachers must be performed. From the teacher’s teaching and research activities perspective, young teachers’ rights to speak in the collective lesson preparation are limited. Collective lesson preparation caused certain restrictions on teachers. In the development of curriculum resources, the degree of participation of teachers is relatively low. And teachers do not have the freedom of choice the way of teaching, because school promote a highly efficient teaching mode. School examination system is unreasonable lead to teachers lose their freedom in evaluating student learning. Teachers can freely express their views in lectures and class evaluation activities. School also forced each teacher to participate in research, but there are some restriction on content. To a lesser extent the freedom of teachers participate in the research. From the teachers’ participation in education and teaching management decision-making level, teaching research group meeting and all the staff congress is the main way of communication between the teacher and the superior leadership, the leading of the conference, separately is the research group leader and school leaders, there is not freedom of choice in the content and procedure of the meeting, between the superior leadership and teachers, teachers and teachers lack of communication, the teacher cannot freely participate in education management decision-making.The study found that, the main factors affecting middle school teachers teaching freedom includes the following four aspects: national education policy; school administrative management; teaching quality evaluation; the freedom of learning. In view of the above, you can make changes and efforts include: the school management in order to construct humanized teaching management system, guide teachers’ participation in school management, and to provide a relaxed teaching environment for teachers; teachers should change the teaching idea, establish limited freedom of teaching concept, and constantly learning, to mention their teaching level; to strengthen the construction of relevant laws and regulations, ensure teacher‘s teaching freedom. |