| Biology course in compulsory education is one of the basic courses to cultivate the scientific literacy of the public. Facing all the students, the course is basically designed to improve the biology scientific literacy, and vigorously advocates inquiry learning, and raises specific requirements of the Curriculum Objectives from three dimensions:Knowledge, Ability and Emotional Attitudes and Values. As the guidance requirement of cultivating students’ scientific research ability, cooperation ability, innovation ability, practice ability and other biology basic abilities, the Ability Objectives is very important, but it fails to arouse enough attention to the junior middle school biology teachers. The New Curriculum Reform of Basic Education in our country, has been carried out for more than ten years, but, the problem of "emphasizing knowledge teaching, but underrating ability training" and "emphasizing teaching results, but underrating objectives preset" are widespread in practice, and is urgent to be solved. To implement the macro requirements of the Biology Curriculum Objectives, the Ability Objectives must be gradually refined to specific targets in the classroom teaching, namely, the Teaching Objectives. The Teaching Objectives is the first step in the teaching design, and is also an important prerequisite for the effective implementation of biology classroom teaching. The Teaching Objectives is not only related to the selection of the classroom teaching model and teaching strategy, and is also related to the measurement and evaluation of teaching results, and is of very important significance. The content scope of Teaching Objectives is consistent with the requirements of Curriculum Objectives, and also includes the three dimensions:Knowledge, Ability and Emotion Attitudes and Values. The teacher should give consideration to the requirements of three aspects in designing Teaching Objectives. However, in drawing up Teaching Objectives, many teachers ignore the preset of the Ability Objectives, or consider the target requirement of other dimensions as the capacity requirements. The uncertainty of the Ability Objectives design leads to numerous cases, in which the teacher doesn’t know how to guide students to learn to obtain various biology capacity. Therefore, in order to better implement the training requirements of capacity in Biology Curriculum Objectives, the study on design strategy of Teaching Objectives from Ability Dimension is very important. Currently, a large number of literature can be found on Teaching Objectives design. But rare research is done on setting the Ability Teaching Objectives to raise biology ability in the field of biology.The research object of this study is 184 junior middle school biology teachers from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The basic research methods are case study and interview study. The study also investigates the present condition of Teaching Objectives design in Ability Dimension, which includes the cognition of middle school biology teachers on the content and connotation of the Ability Objectives, and problems existing in the design of the Ability Objectives. The survey found out that problems mainly include the following aspects:(1) the cognition of teachers on the content and connotation of the Ability Objectives is not comprehensive enough; (2) insufficient attention is paid by the teachers to the preset of the Ability Objectives; (3) the teachers lack technical skills to design the Ability Objectives.With the Constructivism theory, the Multiple Intelligences theory, the Mastery Learning theory, the Task Analysis theory as the guide, "Compulsory Education Biology Curriculum Standards (2011 Edition)" as the basis, this study constructs the content system of the Ability Objectives of junior middle school biology. With the help of systematical analysis of the teaching reference books and textbooks for the biology in compulsory education, and the relevant literature; and the systematical, comprehensive and detailed analysis of the connotation of the Ability Objectives of junior middle school biology. The Ability Objectives includes five aspects: the "Collecting Information Skills" Dimension, the "Operating Skills" Dimension, the "Scientific Strategy" Dimension, the "Wisdom skills" Dimension and the "Communication and Cooperation Skills" Dimension. These five dimensions more clearly show all the content covered by the Curriculum Objectives of the Ability Dimension in junior high school biology, and they help teachers understand and grasp the content. On this basis, it puts forward the design strategies of the corresponding the Teaching Objectives of Ability. In accordance with the design steps "curriculum theme objectives-unit and chapter objectives-class objectives ", it first grasp the problem overall, and then hierarchically design the process, thus the macro objectives is decomposed into concrete objectives, which is conducive to the implement of the Ability Objectives in the teaching of each lesson. Design of the Ability Teaching Objectives is fundamentally based on the Curriculum Standards, and is instructed by the teaching content, and takes the condition of the students as the basic reference. At the same time, the design pays attention to the combination of the Ability Objectives and other two-dimensional targets, which reflects the idea that 3D Objects are a unified whole.The innovation of this study lies in the detailed analysis of the connotation of the Ability Objectives of the junior middle school, it sorts out the content of five dimensions of the Ability Objectives, and constructs the content system of the Ability Curriculum Objectives, which helps junior middle school biology teachers better understand and grasp the connotation of the Ability Objectives, and which provides theoretical basis for the design of the Ability Teaching Objectives. According to the related characteristics of the junior middle school Biology Ability training, this study proposes corresponding design strategy of the Ability Teaching Objectives, and can improve the teaching quality of junior middle school biology, and promotes the real implementation of the idea of the new curriculum reform and the smooth advance of new curriculum reform. |
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