Survey On Health Literacy Knowledge, Attitude, Practice And Family Parenting Of Preschool Left-Behind Children’s Guardian In Countryside

Background:Since the early 1980s, with the rapid development of economy and the accelerating process of modernization, plenty of rural surplus labor has moved to cities on a large scale. Most migrant workers choosed to leave their children at home, going to school in the local rural when they seeked to develop, then creating a special group of minors-rural left-behind children. Study shows that there are significant difference between psychological state and the separation of time with their parents, the longer the separation time with parents, the lower the mental health of left-behind children and all kinds of psychological problems are more prominent. Therefore, psychological health problems of left-behind children has become a public health problem in our country, causing extensive attention from society. However, although social forces have already paid attention on the special group, the preschool left-behind children has less research and attention. Because the preschool left-behind children is so young that daily life need to depend on guardian’s care, and the cultural level, personal qualities and the way of education of guardians directly affect the psychological and physiological health growth of preschool left-behind children, so guardians play a important role for preschool left-behind children.Objectives:To understanding dietary nutrition knowledge of preschool left-behind children’s guardian in countryside, attitude and practice current condition, family parenting condition, analyzing the influence of mental health status, providing the suggestion of improving guardian’ dietary nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice current condition, family parenting condition, thus promote the development of left-behind children’mental health and provide scientific basis for health intervention means.Methods:The method of stratified-cluster-random sampling was adopted in this study. Simple random sampling method was used to select two countries as the sample countries, Changqing and Gaotang from Shandong province. Then select eight town from the two countries. Last, select one kindergarten from each town, all the students’guardians of kindergarten(3-6yeas) are selected as object. Surveying with self-made questionnaire and strengths and difficulties questionaire. Epi-Data3.02 software are used to input date, using Excel software to check data and using SPSS17.0 software to analyze data.Main results:1.In dietary nutrition knowledge, the scores (86.23±14.75) and awareness rate of the left-behind children’s guardian were lower than those of not left-behind children’s guardian and the scores (84.08±15.89) and awareness rate of generation custody type were lower than single guardians type. In dietary nutrition attitudes, there are no significant difference between left-behind children’guardians and non left-behind children’ guardians, generation custody type and single guardians type. In dietary behavior, there are no significant differences between left-behind children’guardians and non left-behind children’guardians. The scores (49.72±21.42) of generation custody type were lower than single guardians type. The behavior of left-behind children’guardians is poorer than non left-behind children’ guardians and the generation custody type is poorer than single guardians type.2.In raising situation of children, there are no significant difference between left-behind children’guardians and non left-behind children’guardians. Single guardians type (65.6%) think that, compared with generation custody type (77.8%), they are not good parents.In the treatment of children, the behaviou of left-behind children’guardians is poorer than non left-behind children’guardians, and there are significant difference among different types of guardians.3.In terms of strengths and difficulties rating scale, left-behind children’s Conduct and hyperactivity scores (2.17±1.85、4.22±2.06) are higher than non left-behind children and the social problems of single guardians type (6.46±2.40) is lower than generation custody type. In terms of children’mental health, left-behind children’mental health detection rate (61.0%) is higher than non left-behind children, and there are no significant difference between different types of guardians and mental health detection rate.4.Single factor and multiple factors analysis show that dietary nutrition knowledge and family parenting condition are the influence factors of left-behind children’mental health.Conclusions and Suggestions:1.The health literacy knowledge of rural preschool left-behind children’guardian is insufficiency and the guardian has a good attitude to receive dietary nutrition knowledge in shandong province. Family parenting condition is poor and affect the development of left-behind children’mental health, so more attention should be paid to guardian’health intervention and family parenting pattern.2.Emphasize and strength the health literacy knowledge of left-behind children’guardian and family education, extending the time of education and making them have enough time to improve the bad behavior habits.3.Teachers and guardians should pay attention to communication with children, using correct manner of education, can not have too much harsh and strictures.