Qualitative Research On Supervisor-subordinate’s Differentiated Performance Of Emotional Labor And Its Effect In Work And Non-work Environment

The research of Emotional Labor originated in 1980’s, it has been thirty years of research process, so far, it is still a hot issue of social research. The research about concepts,influencing factors,dimensions and the impact of the results has been rich, however, most of the research is focused on the emotional labor of employees and customers. In addition, scholars have also done a lot of research on the Supervisor-subordinate Guanxi, their studies are mainly about the exchange of material. This paper will focus on exploring the emotional exchange between the supervisor and subordinate, and we add emotional labor to the study of the Supervisor-subordinate Guanxi.Because of the difference between Chinese and Western culture, the Supervisor-subordinate’s Guanxi are also different. Under the Chinese cultural background, people think their work and life are closely related. Except in work, leaders and employees will also contact each other in daily life, the Supervisor-subordinate Guanxi is filled with the whole organization and management activities. Based on the characteristics of Chinese localization, from a new perspective,we study the effect of differences of Supervisor-subordinate’s emotional labor in the work and non-work environment.In order to explore the real situation about the Supervisor-subordinate’s relationship, in this paper, we use the semi-structured interview method, we interviewd ten pairs of the Supervisor-subordinate, the selection criterion is that these Supervisor-subordinate will contact both in the work and non-work time. By analyzing the related interview data, respectively form the superior and subordinate’s view, we find there exist differences about Supervisor-subordinate Guanxi in work and non-work environment, and further explore the causes of the differences and its effects.Through the analysis of the text, the following results are obtained:(1) Superiors’ emotional labor more frequently in work environment, most of them is deep-acting. But, in the non working environment, the expression of real emotion is the main. (2) Subordinate’emotional labor more frequently in work environment, most of them is surface-acting. There are still some emotional labor in the non working environment, but the expression of real emotion is also the main. (3) From the perspective of superiors-the change of the task, the subject of communication and the mentality of the themself will cause the difference of their emotional labor. These differences have an impact on team performance, as well as positive mood and emotional trust. (4) From the perspective of Subordinate-the change of the task, the subject of communication, superior’s attitude and their role orientation will cause the difference of their emotional labor. These differences will have a positive impact on their job performance, job involvement, job motivation, affective commitment, positive mood, and emotional trust.