Aesthetic Appreciation Of Chinese Classical Tragedy Art

The word "tragedy" was introduced into China from the west, and there was no "tragedy" in China. In 1904, in the "dream of Red Mansions", Wang Guowei introduced the word "tragedy" into the Chinese aesthetic circle. He believed that the "dream of the Red Chamber" is the opposite of comedy, which is a complete tragedy. In 1912, in the "song and Yuan Dynasty opera test" Wang Guowei introduced the word "tragedy" into the Chinese drama circle. Wang Guowei believes the Yuan Dynasty has many outstanding works of tragedy. For example,<Sorrow in the Han Palace>、< Phoenix Rain>、<Xi Shu Dream> etc. Chinese classical tragedy art and the western classical tragedy have different aesthetic characteristics, Chinese classical tragedy has been suspected for a long time and even denied. During the period of the new culture movement, Chinese classical tragedies are often criticized by many scholars, for example, Cai Yuanpei, Hu Shi, Lu Xun and so on. Because the structure of the Chinese classical tragedy is mixed with comedy, and the outcome of the Chinese classical tragedy is often "happy".Until the 80’s, Wang Jisi presided over the preparation of the ten classical Chinese tragedy. Without Western scales to measure, scholars from China’s unique national cultural psychology, analysis of the characteristics of Chinese classical tragedy art, for the Chinese classical tragedy art to find universal standards. Now, most scholars agree that the Chinese classical tragedy art occupies an important position in the history of Chinese ancient literature. Chinese classical tragedy art works are rich in types, including poetry, drama, fiction, etc. Some of these literary works are lamented life difficult, Some literary works lamented the disastrous loss, Some literary works, the irony of the feudal rule of the dark, and so on. To show the tragic consciousness of the Chinese people from many levels. The function and value of tragedy has been highly recognized by many scholars, because of the historical background, the national culture, the influence of religion and the understanding of destiny, there is a great difference between the characteristics of Chinese classical tragedies and the western classical tragedies, the unique quality of Chinese classical tragedy is worthy of our study. For example,using poetry to express grievances, the protagonist of the tragedy story is common people, to criticize the reality with literature, and so on.This paper analyzes the characteristics of Chinese classical tragedy art from three parts. The first part of the thesis is about the philosophical foundation and social background of Chinese classical tragedy art. First of all, this paper discusses the philosophical basis from three aspects, the neutralization thought of Confucianism、 Taoism’s inaction thought、the Buddhist thought of karma. Second, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in the three schools to "in" as their guiding ideology, from the spring and autumn and the Warring States period, has been affecting the Chinese nation to the present, especially the influence of Chinese culture and psychology is especially profound. This thesis mainly analyzes the influence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism on the creation and appreciation of Chinese classical tragedies in three. The creators of Chinese classical tragedy are influenced by Confucianism as the dominant feudal rule, creators close to life, understand the suffering of the working people, can not be directly said, only through the work to express. The protagonist of the tragedy is often the working people, the story is often the end of a good outcome, to meet the unique aesthetic psychology of the audience, showing the Chinese nation optimistic, open-minded spirit.The second part mainly compares the difference between Chinese classical tragedy art and Western classical tragedy art, to expound the unique aesthetic characteristics of Chinese classical tragedy art. First of all, the Chinese classical tragedy art works are influenced by the Confucianism, and the moral character of the tragic works is very obvious, the tragedy art content often advocated filial piety etiquette content. The tragic story of the protagonist for the unfair fate is often grin and bear it, tragedy of the protagonist of the story, often after suffered oppression, have been forced to fate. The protagonist of the western classical tragic story is in fear of fate, and the protagonist of the tragedy often struggles against the unfair fate. And, with the Chinese classical tragedy of the leading role of the "perfect" the moral image of different, and later some of the ancient Greek tragedy is depicted as a result of the tragedy of the protagonist’s own personality defects caused by the tragedy. Secondly, theorists of Western classical tragedy that tragedy is an imitation of actions and Western classical tragedy story attaches great importance to the plot of the ups and downs of the conflict, and Chinese classical tragedy art emphasizes the artistic conception, more emphasis on the description of the emotions. Third, Western classical tragedies often is solemn, the ending of the story is kind of sad. And Chinese classical tragedy story is bittersweet, the ending of the story is often happy.The third part is the analysis of the realistic quality of Chinese classical tragedy art. The first is to use poetry to express their own depression, from< Book of Songs >、<Li sao> to analyze the germination of Chinese classical tragedy consciousness, the ancient poet with verse to show his sorrow emotion and the misery of the working people, expressed criticism of the feudal rulers. Second, the protagonist of the tragedy story is mostly the lower working people, especially the moral women, the creators of the tragedy of the story to speak for the working people. Third, the tragic story has great significance of criticism. The< a dream of Red Mansions> as an example, creator of tragedy to his lamented the fate and social criticism and for working people deep sympathy placed in the tragedy of his own works, has great realistic significance.