The Analysis Of Marx’s "Realistic Individual" Theory

Marx’s understanding of the human experience a gradual evolution process from"abstract rational man" to "realistic individual".In the "German Ideology", Marx study the "realistic individual" theory frommulti-levels: Marx and Engels use the method of theory and practice sciencecombination to defined it from the foundation of human existence, mode of production,lifestyles, ways of thinking, the relations of production, communication forms, socialrelations, the subject of understanding and practice, social history subjects; on this basis,draw a theory boundary between Marxist "realistic individual" and speculative idealism,the humanistic theory of abstract man, clearly points out that "realistic individual" is thehistoric and logical origin of Marxist philosophy, standing in the foundation and centerposition of Marxist theory system.In the "Communist Manifesto" and "Das Kapital", Marx and Engels point out that"realistic individual" not only living in the different modes of production associatedwith different social relations and social status, but also formed different relationshipsand social status in the same mode of production, which play different social roles inthe different historical society, in addition, they are also exist as the subject of dividedclass,existing as a general personality. In the capitalist society, associated with capitalistprivate ownership, the bourgeoisie and the proletariat are conflicting in productionprocess and the political life of economic relations, the bourgeoisie dominated all theresources and powers in absolute rule, but they still do not have the so-calledindependent personality and absolutely free, all followed by the principles of capital-seeking, their own destiny is also determined by the nature of capital; in the capitalistsociety, the working class possess nothing except their own labor, and have to employedby the capitalist to create wealth for them, their presence and the source of livelihoodalso depends entirely on whether they can become the production tools and instruments to realize the pursuit of profit value-added. These two inverse classes of the bourgeoisieand the working class in capitalist society, their social and historical subjectivity and thehistorical role are all decided by the position and relationships as prescribed. Throughthe in-depth study of the capitalist mode of production and the relations of production,the "realistic individual" in Marx’s "Das Kapital" has become more detailed andconcrete.Through analysis the communist movement and the historical conditions of humanliberation, Marx revealing that the human history so far works just as a spontaneousprocess of objective laws, general speaking was in the "realm of necessity" stage. Thetransition from the capitalist society to the lower stage of communism then opened thehistory of human society from the "realm of necessity" to the "realm of freedom".Human truly become the masters of their own history is the working class standing inthe ruling class, through the liberation and development of productive transformpeople’s relationships, let people real understanding and using the objective laws, so thatgradually freed human from the shackles of variety of relationships, adjust the objectivelaws to develop their own liberation and freedom govern the relationship between thenature and themself, ultimate consciously create their own history. Until then, thehistory of human society can be developing from the "similar to the natural course ofhistory" to the "self-consciously create their own historical stage ".