Why Can Political Strategists Spring Up In The Warring States Period?

The Warring States Period is the most turbulent dynasty among the whole Chinese history, and it is the time which academic developed a lot, too.Then Qin Shi Huang unified China, and settled the direction of Chinese culture after. Qin is the dynasty which followed the Warring States Period, in fact the Chinese culture after was based on the Warring States Period, so we can say that the Warring States Period is a time which carries on the past heritage and opens up the future in all Chinese history. 《The Yiwenzhi of the Book of Han》 ranked the major academics in the Pre-Qin Period as "nine Liu ten Jia", Political Strategists belong to "nine Liu" and they are one of the group that most important and with most influence. However China was usually united after Qin dynasty, while Confucianism become the most major academic after Han dynasty, as the result everybody ignored Political Strategists, even considered it as an academic that brought chaos to the nation. Until now, the issue of Political Strategists were still not popular among the discussion. So I hope to discuss them in this paper.Firstly, this article would focus on the definition of Political Strategists in both literature and culture fields. Almost everybody think "纵横" is unify the countries (which Chinese word is ZhuHou) in both vertical and horizontal directions. But in fact, "纵横" should be diplomacy of "纵横".Secondly, this article would illustrate the origin of Political Strategists in early period and why it became well-known in after period. The author negate traditional statement about Political Strategists which claimed the origin of Political Strategists are GuiGuZi and ZiGong, and one thing interesting is author discovered that the nationality of the most famous Political Strategists is Wei, through historical geography study. In addition, SiMaQian said that most Political Strategists whose nationality are three-Jin, we can investigate why the three-Jin and Wei were the most well-known time of Political Strategists throughout this old saying. Particularly, the author discovered a truth from historical literature that the major cause of the raise of Political Strategists in the Warring States Period, is the internal strife between ministers of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. In the end of this article, the author state the relation between Military Strategist and Political Strategists.