The Research Of Chinese Apology Language Before Weijin Dynasty Based On Discourse Corpus

This article took the before Wei Jin period of written language corpus as the research object and selected 440 corpus from 92 literary works. After analyzing the pre-ancient, mid-ancient and late-ancient of apology language corpus, it summarized apology language types and signal words in various periods. Thus it studied the tendency and the development of the apology language in this times.By analyzing corpus this article drew the following conclusions: First, with the passage of time, the apology language increased in the number of species-from four to ten kinds. This showed that in this times the way of apology are more diversiform. Second, the development of iconic words about the apology language was inherited and replaceable. As the most important apology language, the iconic words of admitting mistakes apology language were “lì, qiān” in the Shang Zhou dynasty. Then they developed into “zuì, guò, shī, yuàn, jiū,lì”. Finally they became “zuì, guò, shī, jiū, fù”. Third, the frequency of “zuì, guò” was high after they appeared. Furthermore they can be divided into some types like: subject-predicate type, attribute-centered type, ect. Fourth, self derogated and disciplined class appeared in the Shang Zhou times. In that times, the format was “bù+X” where the “X” was positive word “míng”. Afterwards the vocabulary of “X” are more extensive such as “cái, dé, rén, nìng, xiāo” Then it added “xiáng” in the late ancient. On the other side, it added “wú+X” format for self debasement class about the sentence pattern.