Study On The Qing Dynasty Exile High Conversion And Frontier Policy

In Qing Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty in the exile system, based on "a, rod, acts, flow,dead on the" five penalties, innovation. Hair removal system is a kind of exile, the Qing Dynasty first, will people sent to Xinjiang on business or for the slave. That the Qing Dynasty exile zone are option. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty are more concentrated in the northeast, is mainly because the solider enter in to the city, northeast area caused by rapid population decline, a large number of sent rulers will be committed to the northeast, is not only the development of the local economy, but also enrich the local accounts, shoot two hawks with one arrow. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty resettlement task make area mainly Shengjing, Shang Yang Bao, Tieling, Liaoyang, Guta, Fushun, Nanjing three surname and bukui etc.. Sent prisoners arrived in the northeast after most in the flag for the slave, and act as a seaman in the navy camp, in Guan Zhuang messenger.In the middle of Qing Dynasty, due to the increase in the Central Plains population drastically, resulting in a large number of Han people to the area beyond Shanhaiguan cultivated fields to live, this will inevitably affect the development of the flag of the northeast.At the same time, a large number of flows to the northeast to the Northeast Plain sent prisoners, customs, has the huge influence of Manchu Han, in this case, the ruler of the northeast side of enforcing the ban, a change of policy will be repatriated prisoners exiled,redirected to the sparsely populated northwest area.There are in the two main stream and sent prisoners exiled northwest form. In exile to flow that is, in accordance with the "three channel" and "in table five in the form of" Dao Li sent. Send make and distribute farming sent and sent into slavery two. Hair removal for the slave, by the garrison solders regulation, there is no freedom. Exiled to Urumqi, Yili, the landlord Barkol, monarch exhibition focused on the area of Xinjiang. Send make general farming on the farmland area, after a certain age can be settled in the local. There are also into the lead plant when, in the mountains of coal mining, and charge when the boatman, engaged in a variety of heavy manual labor. Most way sent prisoners placed for the people, there are few in the green camp soldier, or repatriation for the people.Through the comparison of the regional change can be seen in exile, rulers of the northeast frontier policy tends to be conservative, this reflected in the refugee’s limit, the implementation of the Northeast prohibition policy; gradually increase the northwest development efforts, for the performance of large-scale Dynasty and put the people moved to the northwest and settled in.