Characteristics And Comparative Analysis Of The Derogatory Negative Constructions

“bu A bu A”,“A bu A,B bu B”,“ban A bu B”and “ban A ban B”,the four constructions obtained a very high frequency of use because of their concise forms and rich meaning,besides they gain enrichment and innovations constantly in the process of language development,so that people pay more attention to this kind constructions’ expression superiority,so research on this kind of structures also began to rise more, but there is a few comparative studies on the four constructions.This paper attempts to conduct the comparative study of the four constructions comprehensively and deeply on the base of the theory of construction grammar,combined with cognitive linguistics and the “three planes” theory.First of all,this article analyzed the characteristics of the four constructions separately.Firstly,the research on the “bu A bu A”.Described the overall constructional meaning, the grammatical properties and subjectivity of “bu” briefly;Analyzed the variable parts A and B of the construction;Studying the syntax function of “bu A bu A” based on the former studies;Illustrated the relationships between A, B’s semantic relations and the whole constructional derogatory emotions,and then discussed the mutual restriction relations between constructional meaning and lexical meaning,the subjective process,formation reasons and influencing factors of “bu A bu A”.Secondly,the research on the “A bu A,B bu B”.Described the parts and semantic features of the construction statically,and then explored the influence of A and B impact on the whole constructional derogatory emotions;At the same time,we also analyzed the construction’s grammatical function,explored the mutual restriction relations between lexical meaning and constructional meaning and analyzed the curing process of “A bu A,B bu B”.We hold that “A bu A,B bu B”is the correlation pattern of “bu A bu A”and this association is mainly embodied in the succession of motivation,and finally discussed the generalization reasons of derogatory meaning.Thirdly,the study of the “ban A bu B”.Expressed the whole constructional meaning in addition to the grammatical properties and subjectivity of “ban”,then analyzed A,B’s nature and semantic features and their influences on the construction’s pragmatic meaning.We also demonstrated the syntactic position of the construction.Explored construction’s focus,at the mean time made a preliminary discussion on the generalization reasons of it.Fourth,the research of “ban A ban B”.Similarly,we also made a description of it,analyzed A,B’ nature and their impacts on the emotional attitude of the construction.This part also discussed its syntax position,made a detailed discussion on the reasons for its generalization,and finally explored the formation causes of its derogatory emotions.In addition,we compared the similarities and differences of the four derogatory double negative structures in syntactic,semantic and pragmatic.The main conclusionsare as follows:First,the syntactic comparison.There are some similarities in A and B’s speech and location and the four structures’ syntax positions.The differences are mainly manifested in the form of structure,and whether modal verbs and nouns can enter the structures and different syntactic distribution.Second,the semantic comparison. Although these four kind of structural type of A and B’s semantic relation structure has influenced the derogation of righteousness,but in the derogation of degree is different, the semantic focus is different also.Third,the pragmatic comparison.The differences of the style and color of the four are analyzed.