The Study Of Modern Chinese "Zhen Shi (de)"

Modern Chinese “zhen shi (de)”is a spoken word which is used frequently indaily communications. This article uses method of combining static withdynamic,method of combining description with interpretation,method ofcombining diachronic with synchronic, the statistical method, comparison methodto investigate and analysis “zhen shi (de)”from the perspective ofsyntactic,semantic,pragmatic,discourse,diachronic evolution, and then summed upsome of its rules and characteristics.In the syntax characteristics,“zhen shi(de)”has four syntactic positions and structure modes.It can appear at the beginningof the sentence or the paragraph, among the sentence or the paragraph, at the endof the sentence or the paragraph, and can become a sentence or a paragraph, it alsocan appear repeatedly in text. It has six marked forms in text which are comma,full stop, the exclamation mark, ellipsis, dash, question mark.It has three variantforms which are alleged frorm,modified form and particles form.In the semantic,“zhen shi (de)”mainly has negative emotional semantic types includingscold,blame,sorry,ridicule and positive emotional semantic types includinghappy,satisfied,praise,exulting. Moreover, it can express complicated emotionssuch as care,worry,surprise,regret and so on.In the pragmatic,“zhen shi (de)”contains many pragmatic functions in text: discourse marke,topic switch,emotionalexpression, ellipsis and the evaluation function of reference.All forms of itsvariants of the pragmatic differences are reflected in the tone and the intensity ofemotional expression or the emotional semantics.In the diachronic evolution,“zhenshi (de)”has experienced the lexicalization and grammaticalization,judgephrases,degree adverbs,mood adverbs,discourse markers are its evolution path.Then this article investigate its evolution characteristics,the causes and mechanismof formation of lexicalization and grammaticalization.