| Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of measles epidemic in 2006-2013 in tianjin, to analyze its distribution so as to evaluate the efficacy of the current status of measles prevention and control, founding out weak links, and puts forward relevant Suggestions and further prevention and control measures, to better implement the measles prevention and control, realize the goal of measles elimination as soon as possible to provide theoretical basis.Contents and methods Using the epidemic surveillance system of measles、surveillance data、data of reported vaccine inoculation rate、demographic data and the information such as relevant policy issued and implemented, collecting and analysis the data of measles epidemic situation of tianjin in 2006-2013, evaluateing the efficacy of the measles surveillance and prevention and control. The survey using EXCEL2007 and SPSS statistical software for statistical analysis.Results In 2006-2013, the sum total of measles cases reported in Tianjin is 7843,most of them reported in 2008, and at least is 2012. Similar to the national epidemic situation, measles epidemic situation in tianjin during 2006-2008 has been maintained at a higher level(Morbidity > 10/10 million);the season of epidemic is spring, monitoring data show that the high-occurrence season for measles in each year is period of 3 to 5 month, less cases after July; Another respect of regional distribution, showing that mainly high-prevalence of measles in Tianjin are the areas which is weak in immunization program,or the areas exist mass migration movements; Analysis on the population characteristic of measles in Tianjin,the epidemic situation shows two peaks that is two high-risk groups, one peak is < 8 months old group, and the other one peak is in adult that 15-40 years old; the ratio of the two age groups of measles increased from 57.36% in 2006 to 67.02% in 2013, the lowest ncidence of measles exist in the age group of 8 months to 14 years old because of vaccination,besides,the ratio of cases in this group declined year by year; The ratio of measles cases who had inoculated vaccine containing measles is 16.87%,never or foget history of preventive inoculation is 83.13%; Household register analysis, the proportion of this locality census register cases increased year by year in 2006-2013. With the improvement of routine immunization information system,the totle number of vaccine containing measles accumulated dose of 2249101 actually,inoculation rate of measles in 8 months are above 97% all the time in 2006-2013; Through the statistical analysis, the difference between of measles of each year has statistical significance,and there is a negative correlation between inoculation rate and morbidity rate per year;In 2008, the statistical analysis was carried out to study the constitute of measles cases in different age groups before and after SIAs,the ratio of the cases of 1-14 years old was lower than that before SIAs,group of more than 15 years old was higher,there was no difference in group of less than 1 year;A case-control study was carried out to analysis the relationship between hospital infecting and measles cases in child,the OR is 15.4,considering the survey data of 2013,hospital infection is still an important risk factor for measles of child.Conclusion 1. According to the investigation of the epidemiological characteristics of measlesk,the job of the measles prevention and control in tianjin still should not be lax.We should base on current results, intensify sense of duty and weak link,enhance practicable polity and working on the basis of epidemic characteristics,high-risk population and so on. 2. For the porpose of elimination of measles in China, Tianjin has been issued and implemented scheme about measles monitoring,in addition a number of policy. Moreover,we should focus on densely populated areas such as factories, companies, dormitories, places with lots of floating children where might be prone to measles outbreak. 3.Carrying out SIAs in adult, we ‘d better use MMR vaccine to improve the effect of public health.We should also strengthen and expand health education in high-risk areas,raise the awareness of vaccination in the whole population,join in vaccination actively.4.Hospital is still an important places to spread measles.Advising controlling nosocomial infection, especially in the stage of preview triage arm at patients who has a fever、rash,completing air exchange and disinfection effectively. Also should pay attention to health education,change the behavior on medicine using. |
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