| Objective:To investigate the influence of chronic arsenic(As) exposure in drinking water on the blood pressure, serum lipid and electrocardiogram in human, find the potential dose-dependent relationship with the As concentrations in drinking water, and provide the necessary scientific evidence for the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease in the As exposure population.Methods:According to the epidemiological data obtained, we selected the 291 villagers as the exposed group, whom were from villages of Shanyin County, Shanxi Province, had lived and been chronically exposed to As in drinking water for longer times. The other 92 villagers from their neighboring rural areas with non-As exposure in drinking water as the control group. We surveyed the subjects’ general demographic characteristics, determined the As concentrations in their drinking water using the hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry(GB/T5750.6-2006), measured their height, weight, blood pressure, serum cholestrol and triglyceride concentrations, and electrocardiogram using the rountine methods. Hypertension was diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria recommended by the World Health Orgnization(2013). The data were analysed the difference of hypertention, serum lipid and electrocardiogram between the exposed group and the controls, and their potential dose-relationship with the As concentrations in drinking water using the Statistical Package for the Social Science 13.0(SPSS13.0).Results:1. Subjects’ general demographic characteristics and As concentrations in drinking waterThere were no significant difference of age, gender, smoking and drinking habits in the exposed group and the control group(P>0.05). The As concentrations in drinking water in the exposed group(0.1065±0.0605 mg/L) was significnatly increased compared to that in the control group(0.0031±0.0018 mg/L)(P<0.05). Based on the As concentrations, subjects were classified into the following 5 groups including A(Controls)(0.01 mg/L As)(n=92), B(0.01~0.05 mg/L As)(n=82), C(0.05~0.1 mg/L As)(n=72), D(0.1~0.2 mg/L As)(n=51), and E(>0.2 mg/L As)(n=86), in order to analyse the dose-dependent relationship of the adverse health effects with the As concentration.2. The detection rate of hypertension was statistically increased in the exposed group compared to the control group(χ2=21.23, P﹤0.05), which was significantly increased in the D and E groups incomparison with the A group(P﹤0.05). Also, the detection rate of hypertension showed a significant increasing trend with the As concentrations in drinking water(χ2=19.71, P﹤0.05). Specifically, the detection rates of isolated systolic hypertension was statistically significant among the groups(χ2=12.78,P﹤0.05), but the isolated diastolic hypertension was not(χ2=6.22, P﹥0.05).3. With the As concentrations in drinking water, the concentrations of serum cholestrol and triglyceride were statistically increased(F=7.40、3.85,P﹤0.05). When compared to the A group, the concentrations of cholestrol were significantly increased in the C, D and E groups(P﹤0.05), and the concentrations of triglyceride were significantly increased in the D and E groups(P﹤0.05). The As concentrations in drinking water was positively associated with the concentrations of both cholestrol(r =0.281, P﹤0.01) and triglyceride(r=0.188, P﹤0.01).4. The detection rates of abnormal electrocardiogram(ECG) were significantly increased in the D and E groups in comparison with the A group(P﹤0.05), and were statistically increased with the As concentrations in drinking water(χ2=34.43,P﹤0.05). The abnormal ECG changes were presented as the sinus tachycardia, prelonged Q-T intervals, abnormal changes of ST segment, and low T wave, etc.Conclusions:1. Chronic As exposure in drinking water was associated with the higher detection rate of hypertension, higher concentrations of serum lipid, and high frequency of abnormal ECG changes, which were presented as the rising of systolic blood pressure, the increased cholestrol and triglyceride concentrations, and the s inus tachycardia, prelonged Q-T intervals, abnormal changes o f ST segment, and low T wave, etc.2. The As concentrations in drinking water was significantly positively assoicated with the concentrations of cholestrol and triglyceride in serum. |
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