Characteristics Of Cognitive Impairment And Sleep Disorders Of Amnesiac-mild Cognitive Impairment And Vascular Cognitive Impairment No-dementia

Objective:1. To analyze the characteristics of cognitive impairment in subjects with amnesiac-mild cognitive impairment(a MCI) and vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia(VCIND).2. To investigate the characteristics of sleep abnormalities in subjects with a MCI and VCIND.Methods:1. 100 patients with a MCI(n=50) and VCIND(n=50) from cognitive impairment outpatient department of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and 36 healthy elder people were evaluated with neuropsychological scales. Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(Mo CA) were used to evaluate general cognition. Hopkins Verbal Learning Test(HVLT), Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test(PASAT), Symbol Digit Modalities Test(SDMT), Trail Making Test(TMTA, TMTB), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST) and Benton Judgment of Line Orientation Test(JLO) were used to evaluate memory, attention, information processing speed, executive function construction and visuospatial construction.2.Randomly selected 12 patients with a MCI(n=12) and 13 patients with VCIND(n=13) and 12 healthy people from the crowd above. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS) was used to evaluate the degree of daytime sleepiness, and the Insomnia Severity Index Scale(ISI) was used to evaluate night insomnia severity, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) was used to assess subjective sleep quality and laboratory polysomnography(PSG) was used to assess objective sleep quality and sleep structure, sleep efficiency and so on. Results:1. The neuropsychological characteristicsThere were not significant differences in age, sex, and the education level between the three groups(P>0.05). The scores of PASAT, SDMT, L1, L2, L3 and the delayed recall in HVLT in both VCIND group and a MCI group were significantly lower than the NC group. The scores of PASAT, SDMT in VCIND group were significantly lower than a MCI group(P<0.05), while the scores of TMTA, TMTB, the number of sustained errors and the delayed recall and recognition of HVLT in VCIND group were much higher than a MCI group(P<0.05).2. The characteristics of sleep disordersThere were not significant differences in age, sex, and the education level between the three groups(P>0.05). In PSG, the total sleep time(TST) and sleep efficiency(SE) declined, and the sleep latency(SL) in VCIND were longer than the control group(P<0.05). The N1% in VCIND group was longer than the control group, the N2%, N3% and REM% were shorter than the control group(P<0.05). The REM sleep time(RT) was shorter obviously than the control group(P<0.05). The SE declined and the N1% was longer, the N3% was shorter in a MCI than the control group(P<0.05). The RT was shorter obviously than the control group too(P<0.05). The TST and SE declined, and the SL in VCIND were longer than the a MCI group(P<0.05). The N1% in VCIND group was longer, the N2%, N3% were shorter than the a MCIl group(P<0.05). The RT was shorter obviously than the control group too(P<0.05). The scores of ESS and PSQI were significantly higher in VCIND and a MCI than those in control group(P<0.05). The score of ISI in VCIND group were also significantly higher than those in control. The scores of PSQI and ISI in VCIND group were much higher than those in a MCI group(P<0.05). There were not significant differences morbidity in AHI and PLM in three groups((P>0.05). Conclusions:1.The impairment of delayed recall and recognition are more severe in a MCI; while the impairment of attention, information processing speed, visuospatial construction and executive function are more severe in VCIND.2. Both the a MCI and VCIND have different levels of sleep efficiency and structure of sleep disorders. The VCIND are worse than the a MCI in the sleep efficiency, sleep quality and structure of sleep disorders.3.There were not significant differences morbidity in AHI and PLM in three groups.