Study On The Detection Rate Of Chronic Disease And Abnormal Results And Its Strategy Of The Railway Staffs In Tai’an

Research backgroundChronic noncommunicable diseases or chronic diseases (non-communicable chronic diseases, NCDs) refer to the generic term of the diseases which have the hidden cause, long duration, slow development, a complex course or some are not fully confirmed. They include cardiovascular diseases, malignant tumor, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, etc, which seriously affect the patients’ labor ability and the quality of life. With the constant improvement of the living standards of residents in our country, people’s life style and behavior have changed a lot. By 2012, the number of chronic illnesses is about 260 million. Among the various kinds of diseases that can cause death, chronic diseases account for 85%, which has a rising trend and becomes the top threat of residents in our country. It is estimated that China has more than 200 million hypertension, 120 million obesity,97 million diabetes and 33 million patients with hypercholesterolemia, among which more than 65% of the patients are the labour force between the ages of 18 to 59. Occupational groups are in the high risk age, so their health caused extensive concern of the whole society. From the health survey of different occupational crowd, chronic diseases have become the main risk factors to damage the health of the working group. Through analyzing the physical examination results of the occupational groups, understanding the health status, and mastering the main chronic disease which damage their health, mastering the main chronic disease which damage health, and carrying out a targeted first-degree or secondary prevention measures, they can make the prevention and control of chronic diseases more effective.From the survey data before 2010, the chronic disease detection rate of railway staff has been rising gradually. Chronic diseases seriously damage railway staff increasingly and directly affect the workers’ health and safety. So the administrators in railway system make the regular physical examination as the direct health management measures to prevent and control the disease. Regular health checks also become one of the ways though which workers can know their own health. To understand the recent health condition of the professional group, this paper studied on the chronic diseases and anomaly detection results of railway staff of Tai’an City in 2014.Research purposeThis paper studied on the railway staff of Tai’an City who participate in physical examination in 2010-2014.We described and analyzed the physical examination result, and understood the recent health status and risk factors which could affect health of railway staff in Tai’an City, and mastered the change trend of the workers with the main chronic disease and abnormal results, which provided the theory basis for making health management plan and health interventions of railway staff, and also reduced or controlled the prevalence of chronic diseases.Materials and methodsResearch data:we selected health physical examination data of 40876 railway staffs who had made the physical examination in the Fourth People’s Hospital in Tai’an. Physical examination contents included general inspection (height, weight, blood pressure), conventional project check of internal medicine, surgery, gynecology and ear-nose-throat (ENT); Lab routine inspection (blood routine, urine routine, hepatic function, renal function, blood lipids, blood glucose, etc.); Auxiliary project check; Electrocardiogram (ECG) and chest X-ray, etc.Analysis method:Unified database and double entry data of Excel 2003 were used, the absolute quantity and the proportion (%) used as the description of research materials. Chi-square test was used to compare the counting data set. The mean and standard deviation were applied into measurement data, and the means of two samples were compared by t-test. Correlation used Logistic regression analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16.0 software.Main results1. In physical examination results of 2014, the railway staff of Tai’an City checked out the top five chronic and abnormal diseases included fatty liver, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, high total cholesterol, and hyperglycemia. With different ages and genders, there were different detection rates in chronic and abnormal diseases. The detection rate in the male was higher than that in the female, and detection rate in the group of 41 to 50 years old is highest, and the second is 31 to 40. The difference was statistically significant. Overweight, obesity, smoking and drinking alcohol were risk factors for disease. The hypertension incidence of railway staff from 2010 to 2014 was in rising trend year by year, and the detection rate in 2014 was 12% higher than that in 2010; The change of detection rate of fatty liver disease was not obvious, which had no statistically significant difference; The hypertriglyceridemia, high total cholesterol and hyperglycemia were in decline year by year, the detection rate of hypertriglyceridemia dropped from 45.08% in 2010 to 26.34% in 2014, and over the same period the detection rate of high total cholesterol and hyperglycemia fell from 20.06% to 14.98%, from 25.57% to 15.28% respectively.2. In 2014, the detection rate of fatty liver in the physical examination was 33.31%, which was the most common chronic disease. The analysis showed that the blood pressure, blood fat, and blood glucose levels in fatty liver group were significantly higher than those in non-fatty liver group, and the difference was statistically significant. There was a positive correlation coefficient between the fatty liver detection and SBP, DBP, TC, TG, FPG level. Results of logistic regression analysis indicated that hypertension, high FPG, high TC, high TQ were all risk factors of FLD.Conclusions and suggests1. In 2014, the main chronic diseases and abnormal results affecting the health of railway staff in Tai’an City were fatty liver, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. The railway staff who had chronic illnesses became younger, and the male workers who smoked, drank, had overweight or obesity were more serious and were in the high-risk group of chronic disease. In recent five years, prevalence of fatty liver of railway staff was under control, and the effect of hypertension control was not good, and the detection rates of hypertriglyceridemia, high total cholesterol and hyperglycemia were in decline year by year, which showed that it had obtained certain achievements on the control of chronic diseases and improving the level of employee health though regular physical examination of workers in the railway system and health promotion methods. But the relevant departments still needed health management according to situation of disease detection, and strengthened the comprehensive intervention in male chronic disease risk factors, and improve the behavior of life and working environment.2. In 2014, workers who took the physical examination had high rate of getting fatty liver. Workers with fatty liver had higher hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia than those who did not have the "three highs", and metabolism index of workers with fatty liver was higher than that of worker without fatty liver, which tells the fatty liver has close relationship with hypertension, high cholesterol, and hyperglycemia. The early symptom of people who had fatty liver were not self-conscious, however, belonging to the people of chronic disease at high risk, they should be early intervened, treated, and paid close attention to with the changes of metabolic indices. By reducing the incidence of fatty liver it could reduce hypertension, high cholesterol, and hyperglycemia. The relevant departments should formulate comprehensive and preventive measures, which can control the fatty liver rate of the workers of this professional group, and avoid the synergy of diseases, thus reduces the occurrence of cardiac and cerebral vascular events and other chronic diseases.