Expression Of Nav1.6 In Oral Precancerous Lesions And Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) is the most common head and neck cancer. In oral cancer about 90% is squamous cell carcinoma, the incidence rate in all malignancies is 3% 。With increasing levels of medical care, although surgical excision of the comprehensive treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma sequence of the primary tumor control rate has been significantly improved, but the 5-year survival rate is still 50%-55%[1]。Studies have shown that about 50% of patients diagnosed with oral cancer had undergone lymph node metastasis[2], lymph node metastasis of a serious impact on the prognosis of patients. Therefore patients with oral cancer have a high mortality. Oral squamous cell carcinoma usually developed from oral precancerous lesions or precancerous condition, especially oral leukoplakia. So, early diagnosis and treatment of oral precancerous lesions and precancerous conditions has a positive effect on the prevention of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Objective To study the expression and significance of sodium channel Nav1.6 in oral precancerous lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). To analysis the relationship between Nav1.6 and clinical data of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, it includes sex, tumor location, tumor cell differentiation and lymph node metastasis and other features of the tumor. Investigate its possible relationship with oral squamous cell carcinoma to develop new clinical diagnosis and treatment programs in the oral precancerous lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma.Methods 16 normal oral mucosa cases, 20 oral precancer lesions and 43 OSCCPathological wax blocks were collected and immunohistochemically studied by SP methods. Analyze the relationship between expression of Nav1.6 and clinical data, pathological parameters of patients who with OSCC. The protein expression of Nav1.6 in 5 normal oral mucosa cases, 12 oral precancer lesions and 20 OSCC surgical resection specimens were detected by Western blot.Results Immunohistochemical results obtained, positive rate of Nav1.6 in 16 cases of normal oral mucosa, 20 cases of oral precancerous lesions, 43 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma were respectively: 6.25%(1/16),40%(8/20),76.74%(33/43), the difference was statistically significant. The expression of Nav1.6 was related to the differentiation of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The positive rate in well, moderately and poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma were respectively: 50%(7/14),87.5%(14/16),92.31%(12/13), the difference was statistically significant. The expressions of Nav1.6 were no thing to do with sex, tumor location and lymph node metastasis, the difference was not statistically significant. The Western blot results revealed that the Nav1.6 expressed in all groups, and the content of Nav1.6 in oral precancerous lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma were higher than in normal oral mucosa cases. Protein expression levels of three groups were: 0.469 ± 0.015, 0.545 ± 0.016 and 0.848 ± 0.020. Among the groups, the differences were statistically significant.Conclusions Nav1.6 may be served a new marker in the differential diagnosis of oral precancerous lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma cases.