The Research On Surgical Nurse Stressor From The Perspective Of Person-in-situation

Nursing service set scientific, technical, service in one.The special nature and the importance of work determine the diversification and high degree of job stress. Therefore, the author attempts to investigate the job stressor of nursing staff from the perspective of social work. Reviewing the existing literature,the studies on job stressor of nursing staff are mainly divided into two aspects. One is the varieties of job stressor and the extent of stress. The other is suggestions to nurse job stressor. Most of this kind of studies are quantitative studies based on Chinese nurse job stressor scale. Considering these features of existing research, the author aims to do the present research base on social work --- "person-in-situation".The study adopts qualitative method. Field observation method and semi-structural method are used to collect data.This study sites in a surgical department of a hospital in eastern China, and the participants are 12 surgical nurses in the hospital. The author discovers that the work pressure sources of these surgical nurses have a high homogeneity, which can be divided into three major sources on the basis of the review:working pressure, family pressure and social pressure. The first pressure source is the work itself, which is reflected by most of the nurses, and it ranks the largest source of three main pressures. Long hours and high intensity of labor are tests for both the physical and mental capacity of the nurses. Besides, potential risks in the working process, strict requirements for quality of care, and tense relationship between nurses and patients would also bring great mental pressure to the nurses. The second pressure source is from their family, which is mainly focused on the conflict of their professional roles and family roles. Usually, the nurses are so tired with daily care that they might reject the family care, which is contrary to the requirements of traditional family roles of women. Thus, the nurses are in great trouble. Besides, the time of the nurse’s work is not regular, which makes them out of family life. It would easily lead to family conflicts, and then destroy the harmony of their family. Finally for the pressure source of the society, nurses’ occupational requirements are squeezing their personal living space and oppressing of their social contact, which have caused a series of problems, such as marriage difficult, circle of friends shrink, and so on. Besides, social status of nurses in our country is low, and low respected degree is also one of the pressures that the nurses reflect. Tracing to its source, the author thinks that the high work pressure of the nurses is related to many factors, for example, the nurses’ occupational requirements are too high; the stereotype of "male lord outside homemaking women"; inadequate staffing of the organizations; traditional concept of "heavy medicine and light care"; social medical model are changing. In addition, the interaction between the stress of nurses are seriously affecting physical and mental health of the nurses, and would even cause extreme cases.Social work, as a profession of self-reliance, to intervene in the matter for the occupational groups of nurses work stressor is imperative. According to these factors, the author puts forward the social work access method with feasibility and pertinence. At last, some shortcomings and suggestions for further study are presented.