Epidemiological Characteristics And Risk Factors Of Thyroid Nodules In Railway Employee Of Jinan Region

Objective:To know the Epidemiological characteristics of thyroid nodules in railway working employee of Jinan region and to select the possible risk factors in order to provide basis for administrative governor to prescribe health promotion measures.Methods:We took the working employee of Jinan railway as the study subject by the way of cross-sectional study, collected their basic personal information by questionnaire including sex, age, living habits of drinking and smoking, history of cardio cerebral vascular disease, diabetes, thyroid disease, height, weight etc., we collected the results of ultrasonic examination, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, calculated the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules of the railway employee in Jinan region, analyzed the prevalence features and used the SPSS statistic software to select the possible risk factors and distribution of risk factors, and to put forward the prevention and cure suggestion.Results:1.The prevalence rate of thyroid nodule:16 599 railway employee were involved in this study among which the male was 14 793, female was 1806, the total prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was 34.38%, the prevalence rate of female (41.25%) was higher than the male’s (33.54%)(P<0.01).2.The risk factors of aged, female, overweight and(or)obesity, IFG and(or)diabetes, high blood pressure, high CHOL and CRE, occupation, smoking, drinking, shift system were found in single factor analysis, the results of multiple non-conditional logistic regression showed that gender, age, smoking, high blood pressure, BMI could possibly increase the prevalence risk of thyroid nodule, the train maintainer was easier to suffer from thyroid nodule.3.The thyroid nodule feature analysis showed that the nodules were mainly bilateral nodule (77.92%), multiple nodule (76.06%)and high echo nodule (73.94%); the blood signal constituent ratio of male (10.12%) was higher than the female’s (6.17%); the constituent ratio of solid nodule, mixed nodule and cystic nodule were 55.53%、26.23%、18.24% respectively, the constituent ratio of solid nodule of female was higher than the male’s(P<0.05), there was a significant difference between female and male in high-level echo and echoless.Conclusion:1. The prevalence of thyroid nodule in railway employee of Jinan region was 34.38%, the rate was relatively higher.2. The prevalence rate of female was higher than the male’s, the rate increased with the age got bigger. So the key subject of prevention was over 40 ages employee, especially the aged female.3. The high blood pressure, obesity, train maintainer and smoking were the risk factors of thyroid nodule, so actively carry out health education and advocate a healthy lifestyle, control the weight index and the blood pressure, control smoking reasonably could decrease the incidence of thyroid nodule.4. The nodules were mainly bilateral nodule, multiple nodule, low-echo nodule, the solid nodule rate reached 55.53%, popularization the thyroid ultrasonic inspection to elevate the awareness rate of thyroid nodule for early precaution, early diagnosis, early treatment.5. Active intervention in the thyroid nodule risk factors and let the employee know thyroid nodule correctly was important for prevention and control the thyroid disease.