| Objective:To study the prevalence of the infectious diseases of primary and middle school in chongqing, and the knowledge, attitude and practice of the students, and the circumstances of health for the school. The participation of student-school-family and the comprehensive intervention were carried out and evaluated. Verify the effect to the comprehensive intervention measures participation of student-school-family, to provide the basis for the next work for school infectious diseases prevention and control, and a reference basis for related departments to formulate intervention plan. In order to prevent and find the infectious diseases as possible as earlier, it is necessary to survey the infectious disease symptoms for the students.Method:By adopting the combination with cohort studies and cross-sectional study and the combination with self-control and external control. To compared with the difference of intervention group between control group before and after the intervention by quantitative research method. A sample of Chongqing Jiulongpo district and Nanan distract a total of 12 schools were be selected by smulti-stage stratified cluster sampling method.6 schools were divided into intervention group and the other 6 schools were divided into the control group. First of all to extract object baseline quantitative investigation conducted among students, parents and schools to understand the demand of object infectious disease intervention. After baseline survey, carry out a six-month intervention participated with students, parents-family, comprehensive intervention to the intervention group and the control group has no intervention. After the intervention, there is an eventually investigation to intervention group and control group. Used EpiData3.0 to input and examine the data before and after intervention. Use SAS9.2 and SPSS17.0 software to do the statistical analysis, to analyze the incidence of infectious diseases and infectious diseases knowledge awareness, attitude towards change rate and health behavior formation rate to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention between the intervention group and the control group before and after the intervention.Result:1. General conditionBefore and after the intervention, the school questionnaires response rate and the effective rate was 100%. Before the intervention, the student questionnaire response rate was 94.39%, the effective rate was 98.54%. The parental questionnaires response rate was 86.91%, the effective rate was 86.36%. After the intervention, the student questionnaires response rate was 96.85%, the effective rate was 87.47%. The parental questionnaires response rate was 87.47%, the effective rate was 87.76%.There were 11608 subjects, the intervention group had 6099 people and the control group had 4969 people. The average age of the intervention group compared with the control group had no significant difference (χ2= 1.25, P=0.20). There was no significant difference between men and women constitute (χ2=1.61, P=0.20). The city and suburb proportion had a statistically significant difference (χ2=815.67, P=0.00). The primary and secondary proportion had a significant difference (χ2=21.25, P=0.00).2. Baseline(1) Students infectious disease-related behaviorChongqing primary diseases related behavior score was 12.94±3.49, and there were significant statistical difference between the cities and suburbs, boys and girls, middle school and elementary school (T=4.24, P= 0.00; T=-5.30, P=0.00; T=-11.76, P=0.00), while the intervention group’s and the control group’s infectious diseases related behavior score difference was not statistically significant (T=-0.99, P= 0.32).(2) The incidence of infectious diseaseNovember 2012-April 2013 period, there were 17 cases of infectious diseases; the incidence rate was 0.15%. There were significant differences between the suburbs (χ=8.43, P=0.00). The difference was statistically significant between the primary and secondary schools (χ2= 4.58, P=0.03). The incidence rate was 0.11% in the intervention group and 0.20% in the control group, and there were no statistically significant difference between groups (χ2=1.34,P=0.25).(3) Behavioral factors related infectious diseases for studentsThe school type, the students’scores about knowledge to infectious diseases, school health policies score, the father’s educational level, the students’score about the attitude to the diseases, parents’scores about the behavior to diseases, suburban and gender factors that affected the formation of the student health behaviors.3. Evaluation of intervention(1) The students about the knowledge, attitude, behaviors related to the infectious diseasesAfter the intervention, the intervention group’s awareness rate about the normal body temperature was decline and had statistically significant (χ2=4.48, P=0.03), while the control group, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=0.44, P=0.51). The awareness rate about tuberculosis (TB) symptoms in the intervention group and the control group were both statistically significant increased. (χ2=91.08, P=0.00; χ2=75.23,P=0.00).After the intervention, the attitude to agreed not to share towels with others, the differences were both statistically significant in the intervention group and the control group (χ2=49.55, P=0.00;χ2=40.70, P=0.00). The attitude to agree with washing hands for preventing influenza rise was statistically significant in the intervention group (χ2= 7.81, P=0.01), while the control group was not statistically significant (χ2= 0.28, P= 0.60).After the intervention, the score of student behavior related diseases in the intervention group statistically significant increased (r=-1.00,P=0.00), while in the control group was not statistically significant (T=0.47, P=0.65). There were both no significant difference about the score of dealing with physical symptoms or illness in the two groups (T=-0.82, P=0.41; T=-1.39, P=0.16). The score of washing hand, do not share towels with others, not to buy snacks in stalls all increased in the intervention group and had statistically significant (T=-2.47, P=0.00; T=4.20, P=0.00; T=-2.29, P=0.02), while difference was not statistically significant in the control group T7=-1.72, P=0.08; T=-1.39, P=0.16; T=-0.02, P=0.99). The rate of washing hand correctly in the intervention group showed no significant difference (χ2=1.48, P=0.22), and significantly decreased in the control group (χ2=5.47, P=0.02). The rate of spitting correctly was significantly increased in the intervention group (χ2=38.36, P=0.00), while the control group was significant decrease (χ2=22.34, P=0.00). The rate of coughing or sneezing correctly was significantly increased in the intervention group (χ2=7.42, P=0.01), while the difference in the control group was not statistically significant (χ2=2.61, P=0.11). The rate of providing proof when back to school was significantly increased in the intervention group (χ2=21.78, P=0.00), the control group was statistically significant increased (χ2=4.88, P=0.02), too.(2) School health policy environment and the incidence of the notifiable infectiousBefore the intervention, the score of the school’s health policy and health, the intervention group was 13.67±1.03, the control group was 13.83±1.20. After the intervention, their scores were 19.50±0.84 and 14.50±1.37. The intervention group increased highly and had statistically significant (T=-12.22, P=0.00), while the control group had no significant difference (T=-3.16, P=025).During the intervention, there were 13 cases of the notifiable infectious diseases in the intervention group and the incidence rate was 0.21%, but had no significant difference compared with the former (χ2=1.80, P=0.18). There were 31 cases in the control group and the incidence rate was 0.63%, and it increased statistically significant compared with former (χ2=10.80,P=0.00).(3) The parents behaviors related to the infectious diseases.After the intervention, the behavior of the parents to provide proof when students backed to the school significantly increased both in the intervention group and the control group (χ2=31.26, P=0.00;χ2=10.32, .P=0.00). The behavior of the parents whether to allow the sick children to class, the intervention group increased statistically (χ2=9.04, P=0.00), while the control group had no significant difference (χ2=3.50, P=0.06).Conclusion:Students-School-Families Comprehensive Intervention to participate in the prevention of the infectious diseases in schools is effective. ① The students awareness, attitude and behaviors related to the infectious diseases were improved; ② The school health policy and the infectious disease symptoms surveillance and management for the students were improved substantially, and it was efficient to prevent the outbreak of the infectious diseases; ③ The formation rate to the parents improving the children healthy behaviors was increased. Therefore, comprehensive intervention "Students-School-Families" to participate in the school for the prevention and control of communicable diseases are certain effective. It is likely to take such a preventive and control mode and count for in-depth study in the future. |
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