| Objective To investigate the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT) of the fovea and peripapillary which measured by 3D-optical coherence tomography(3D-OCT) in myope and hyperopia children。In order to observe the change of RNFLT of refractive errors children,and through these indicators of measuring and monitoring conducive to treatment and prognosis assessment of refractive errors children and has a certain clinical significance.Methods This study collected subjects 51(the control group), 80 eyes(33 male cases, 18 female cases), myopia subjects 76, 122 eyes(45 male cases, 31 female cases), amblyopic subjects 65, 97 eyes(35 male cases,30 female cases) whose age range for 6 to 12 years. All subjects that according to include and exclude standard to collected were accepted ophthalmologic examination, and the subjects were divided into different groups. Myopia subjects according to the degree of spherical equivalent were divided into three groups:the mild myopia group(31 subjects,52 eyes), the moderate myopia group(24 subjects,39 eyes),he high myopia group(21 subjects,31eyes).The amblyopia subjects according to the degree were divided into three groups: the mild amblyopia group(21 subjects,33 eyes),the mild amblyopia group(22 subjects,34 eyes), the high amblyopia group(22 subjects,30 eyes).Then the application of optical coherence tomography imaging(optical coherence tomography, OCT) to examine the fovea and peripapillary RNFLT and macular foveal thickness. Macular is divided into three concentric circles, the diameter is 1 mm, 3 mm and 6 mm, into the inner ring and outer ring area,it can be divided into 4 areas with two lines. A1 on behalf of the concave average thickness macular center, A2, A3, A4, A5 on behalf of the superior,temporal,inferior,nasal of the inner ring area, A6、A7、A8、A9 on behalf of the superior,temporal,inferior,nasal of the outer ring area. The peripapillary is 3.46 mm diameter circular ring scan, from the temporal side to the temporal side,the circular cross section is divided into four regions:superior(S), nasal(N),inferior(I),temporal(T), each quadrant is 90 °.The comparison between the groups by analysis of variance,the data was analyzed with SPSS 17.0 commercial statistical software, P<0.05 showed statistically significant differences.Results(1) The myopia group: Myopia affected the RNFL thickness distribution.In high myopia group, the peripapillary RNFLT, both superior(S) and inferior(I), or nasal(N), temporal(S),than the control group and mild myopia group become thinner, difference have statistical significance;thickness of macular foveal thickness(A1) compared with the control group and mild myopia group become thinner, difference have statistical significance(P<0.05); the macular RNFLT just the A4 and A8 become thinner than the control group and mild myopia group, difference than the control group and mild myopia group, difference have statistical significance(P<0.05); the RNFLT rest of the domain in the macular(A2, A3, A5, A6, A7) and the control group no difference than the control group and mild myopia group, P>0.05.(2) The amblyopia group: Hyperopia amblyopia also affected the RNFL thickness distribution.In high amblyopia group, the peripapillary RNFLT, both superior(S) and inferior(I), or nasal(N), temporal(S),than the control group and mild hyperopia amblyopia group become thicker, difference have statistical significance, P<0.05;thickness of macular foveal thickness(A1) compared with the control group and mild hyperopia amblyopia group become thicker, difference have statistical significance; the macular RNFLT just the A2,A3,A4 and A5 become thicker than the control group and mild hyperopia amblyopia group, statistically significant difference; the RNFLT rest of the domain in the macular(A6, A7, A8, A9) and the control group no difference between the mild hyperopia amblyopia group,P>0.05.Conclusions 1.High myopia children’s thickness of peripapillary RNFLT, macular central concave and some areas of the macular RNFLT became thinner,it is different from glaucoma RNFLT,so when these regional RNFLT appear abnormal, should be considered high myopia itself changes of retinal nerve fiber layer, should comprehensive evaluation significance;2. It can be observed that the myopia RNFLT has thinning trend, so through the measurement and monitoring of these indicators to guide clinical treatment effect and prognosis evaluation in myopic children, base on the value of measurement and testing to find the disease changes early;3. High amblyopia children’s thickness of peripapillary RNFLT, macular central concave and some areas of the macular RNFLT became thicker,so when these regional RNFLT appear abnormal, should be considered high amblyopia itself changes of retinal nerve fiber layer, should comprehensive evaluation significance;4. It can be observed that the amblyopia RNFLT also thinning trend, so through the measurement and monitoring of these indicators to guide clinical treatment effect and prognosis evaluation in myopic children;5. Amblyopia children’s RNFL thickness change, it can increase explain the basis of amblyopia pathogenesis peripheral hypothesis. |
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