The Effect Of Resting Heart Rate On The Progression To Hypertension In Patients With Prehypertension

Objective We performed this study in order to observe the effect of resting heart rate(RHR) on the progression to hypertension in patients with prehypertension and provide the theory basis for delaying or stopping the progression.Methods The patients who participated the physical examination between 2006 and 2007 at Kailuan medical group and were accorded with the diagnostic criteria of prehypentension were selected as the observation cohort. The second and the third physical examination were conducted between 2008 and 2009 and between 2010 and 2011. The observation population was divided into five groups according to the different levels of RHR at baseline: the first group(≤69 bpm), the second group(70-74 bpm), the third group(75-79 bpm), the fourth group(80-84 bpm) and the fifth group(≥85 bpm). The rate of the progression to hypertension was compared among five groups, and the ralationship between RHR and the progression to hypertension was estimated using Cox proportional hazard analysis.Results 34,512 patients with prehypentension were recruited and 25,392 patients were involved in the final statistics excluding patients who died or were lost during follow-up. A total of 13,228(52.1%) patients with prehypentension developed hypertension after the 4 years of follow-up. The rate of the progression to hypertension increased with the RHR levels, which were 51.2%, 50.1%, 52.9%, 53.5% and 57.5%, respectively, in the first group, the second group, the third group, the fourth group and the fifth group. Multiple Cox regression models showed that the risk of the progression to hypertension increased with the RHR levels. And the patients in the fifth group carried 1.25 times greater risk for hypertension than patients in the second group after adjustment for age, gender, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterin, high density lipoprotein cholesterin, fasting blood glucose, serum uric acid, C-reactive protein, smoking, drinking, physical exercise and family history of hypertension at baseline.Conclusion Elevated RHR is an independent risk factor for the progression to hypertension in patients with prehypertension.