| PrefaceAlong with the rapid improvement of scientific and technological level in medical and public health field, the scale and function of the large-scale comprehensive hospitals in China becomes more and more consummate. However, some staged problems have also become highlighted. Blood as a kind of special products for medical treatment, plays an irreplaceable role in the course of clinical treatment. In recent years, some provinces and cities in our country witnessed different degrees of blood supply shortage.How to deal with the situation of blood shortage? In this study, we used the mathematical method to make a comprehensively and systematic analysis on blood shortage situation, which might have a guiding role on analyzing the blood shortage status of some areas, making the blood collection and supply institutions, and the medical and public health institutions easy to define their objectives, and formulate corresponding strategies according to different factors.In this study we firstly conducted a meticulous sufficient investigation on blood supply situation of nationwide and of Chongqing, based on literature survey, hence integrating multiple related factors of blood shortage, and then performing in-depth communications and inquiries on the concerned issues with the professional experts. Factors of blood shortage were ranked and stratified by 27 transfusion experts. A set of relatively comprehensive index of blood shortage factors was preliminarily constructed. The hierarchical structure of the index system was established using analytic hierarchy process, the formation of the target tree graph was formed and correspondent weights were defined.According to the study purpose, we performed a certain extent of targeted questionnaire on four categories of people involved(blood donators without repayment, the staff of blood collection and supply institutions, the staff of medical and public healthinstitutions, and relating to the government staff relating to health industry), and then ranked the blood shortage factors index of Chongqing by importance.Part I Study on the construction of the index system of blood shortage factorsObjective: To construct a set of scientific and comprehensive blood shortage factors index system, and calculated the weight of each index. This system could be applied to the analysis of regional blood shortage factors.Tools and Methods: An index system of blood shortage factors was drawn up, through multiple methods including document investigation, expert interview and expert consultation. Weight was assigned by the consultant experts for each level of evaluation index through the methods of expert consultation and hierarchical analysis, and the structural model and the judgment matrix was established with different hierarchical methods. A heterogeneity test was then performed, and the weight of blood shortage factors index system was finally determined.Results and Discussion: The blood shortage index system consists of three layers, including 4 first grade indexes, 13 second grade indexes, and 51 third grade indexes. The 4 first grade indexes respectively are: Q1, Blood donors without repayment; Q2, blood collection and supply agencies; Q3, medical and health institutions; Q4, government departments. The weighted ranking for the first grade indexes is: Q2(0.2610), Q1(0.2609), Q4(0.2429) and Q3(0.2352).Through the research on the construction of index system of blood shortage factors, we found the component elements around blood supply: blood donors without repayment, blood collection and supply agencies, medical and health institutions and related government departments(administrative department responsible for health). These component elements are closely connected and play important roles that cannot be ignored. In addition to the traditional "blood donors", "blood collection and supply institutions" and " medical and health institutions", "the government" is also listed as a first grade index of the blood shortage factor according to the expert’s advice, which is unlike the previous studies. This is very important because currently blood job in China is dominant by the government.Next we used the constructed factor index system of blood shortage, in combination with questionnaire survey to the target population in Chongqing, calculated the importance rank of Chongqing blood shortage factors with the mathematical formula, so that we cananalyze the influence factors of Chongqing blood shortage factors and then develop effective countermeasures.Part II Analysis of the influence factors of blood shortage in ChongqingObjective: To perform an in-depth analysis of the blood shortage status Chongqing using the constructed blood shortage factors index system.Tools and methods: A questionnaire survey was performed on four kinds of people related to the first grade indexes. In combination with the above-mentioned weight of blood shortage index system, the importance ranking of Chongqing blood shortage influence factors was calculated using mathematical formula.Results and discussion: Importance rank for the first grade indexes was: Q2 blood collection and supply agencies(0.9973); Q4 government departments,(0.9269); Q3 medical and health institutions(0.8601); Q1 blood donors(0.7947). Importance rank for the second grade indexes was:(first 3): Q23 promotion for team among voluntary blood donation by blood collection and supply agencies(0.2638); Q13 cognition of blood donors on blood donation(0.2505); Q43 Promotion on social welfare undertakings by the government departments(0.2500). Importance rank for the third grade indexes was(first 3): Q233 To strengthen continuity of blood donors team, and to improve its continuous power(0.0494); Q142 blood donors’ worry about that their love might be used for seeking profit(0.0486); Q141 blood donors’ concern that blood donation infect diseases and affect health(0.0464).The guiding significance of our study on blood shortage situation of Chongqing city includes: 1, blood collection and supply agencies play an important role in the blood collection and supply; 2, blood collection agencies to promote voluntary blood donors team is the key point of current blood work; 3, it is necessary to strengthen the voluntary blood donors’ knowledge on blood donation. At present, we still need carry out effective strategies in the following points: the donor steam’s continuity, and its continuous power; psychological cognition and dredge for the blood donor; blood donors’ understanding on blood health.SummarizationIn our study we constructed a relative scientific set of index system of blood shortage factors as expected, and completed the analysis on the factors of blood shortage in Chongqing according to this index system. We analyzed the component elements affectingblood supply from the view of the management principles, and evaluated all related factors of blood shortage as comprehensively as possible using scientific statistical methods.Combing issues need to face on the blood transfusing “from blood vessel to blood vessel” process, according to the special situation of our country, we found that the work of the government plays a decisive role in the blood collection and supply stage, we also evaluated the Chongqing blood shortage situation, and made a scientific and systemic explanation and analysis on improvement of the staged problem blood shortage. Our study belongs to a pioneering attempt in this field. |
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