Comprehensive Hospitals Nosocomial Infection Trends And Risk Factors

ObjectivesDoing a survey of certain level of first-class hospital from January1,2008to December31,2012. Analyzing all cases of hospital patients, the incidence of hospital infection, hospital infection distribution rule as well as the main pathogen distribution and exploring the risk factors, in order to reduce the occurrence of hospital infection and provide evidence for prevention and control measures.MethodsUsing retrospective analysis method, the management staffs of hospital infection consulted each item of the medical records and filled out a unified hospital infection cases questionnaire. The investigation content included the basic information of the cases hospitalized (number, name, sex, age, date of admission date, discharge, discharge unit, disease diagnosis, disease outcomes, etc.), whether or not the hospital infection happened(date of hospital infection, infection site), whether or not the invasive operation existed(urinary tract intubation, intravenous cannula,operation, endotracheal intubation, breathing machine, etc.). Analyzing the single factor and multiple factors of risk factors for nosocomial infection, using SPSS17.0software, data analysis, inspection level of alpha=0.05.Results1. The hospital infection situation:From January1,2008to December31,2012, a total number of101074cases of hospital patients,2189hospital infections, among which1507were male,682were female. The rate of hospital infection cases was2.17%, the number of hospital infection cases was2407, hospital infection cases was at a rate of2.38%, hospital infection rate had a downward tendency in different years.2. The hospital infection distribution of different departments:The hospital infection rate:the leader was the kidney disease internal medicine department for blood, which was5.81%, followed by rehabilitation division, the hospital infection rate was4.3%, oncology was the third place, the hospital infection rate was4.02%.3. Hospital infection rate of different age groups:the hospital infection was divided into0～14years old group,15～64years old group as well as the age of65or higher. The hospital infection rate of the65-year-old patients group had increased significantly, and the hospital infection rate had a downward trend year by year in every age group,.4. Different genders hospital infection:From2008to2012, the rate of the male inpatients hospital infection was2.58%, the female hospitalized patients with hospital infection rate was1.60%, and both of the rates showed a trend of decline.5. The ratio of different parts of the hospital infection:2407cases of hospital infection happened in5years. The top five were the lower respiratory tract infection (52.63%), urinary tract infection (17.28%), upper respiratory tract infection(8.25%), Operation site infection(4.94%) and blood infection (4.21%). The urinary tract infection showed a declined trend gradually, and the surgical site infection and blood infection increased gradually, vascular catheter-related bloodstream infection has edged up.6. Nosocomial infection pathogens:The number of the samples was41917in5years. We have checked out11013positive specimens, and the positive detection rate was26.46%. We also checked out the pathogenic microorganism that G bacteria was given priority, followed by G+bacteria and fungi was in the third. The top three pathogens were klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli and fungi. In all the samples, sputum was the most, which was19942, the positive detection rate was32.47%, the most pathogens were pneumonia klebsiella bacteria and fungi; Followed by blood samples of7187, and its positive detection rate was7.26%; Midway through the urine samples of6452which ranked in the third, and its positive rate was34.51%, additionally the most pathogens was e. coli(Escherichia coli).7. Risk factor analysis of the hospital infection:We took the total nine factors which the single factor analysis was statistically significant into unconditional multi-factor stepwise Logistic regression model analysis. We did the variable dealing which included age, hospitalization days. And we screened out six main risk factors, which were the hospitalization days, arteriovenous intubation, breathing machine, age, endotracheal intubation, radiation and chemotherapy.ConclusionsIn2008-2012, the hospital infection rate presents the downward trend year by year, the patients’age which is more than65with hospital infection rate increased significantly; The hospital infection rates of blood nephrosis internal medicine and rehabilitation and oncology are higher; The high-risk areas of the hospital infection are lower respiratory tract, urinary tract infection, upper respiratory tract infection, Operation site infection and blood infection.urinary tract infection and blood system; The most common causes of hospital infection are pneumonia klebsiella bacteria, fungi and e. coli; The independent risk factors for nosocomial infection are the hospitalization days, arteriovenous intubation, breathing machine, age, endotracheal intubation, radiation and chemotherapy.