Study Of Nosocomial Infection At Some Hospitals In Hefei

Objective: To explore epidemiological character of nosocomial infection of in-patients and provide reliable theoretical bases for some prevention & control measures accordingly.Methods: Nine hundred sixty four (964) in-patients were observed to investigate one-day's prevalence rate of nosocomial infection ,using the methods of prevalence rate, bed-side survey and case record, according to "Diagnosis Standard of Nosocomial Infection" enacted by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China in Jan, 2001.Results: Among 964 in-patients, eighty one in-patients suffered from the nosocomial infection,of whom nine in-patients had more than two sites' infection.Altogether 93 sites ' infection occured. Thus,prevalence rate and site prevalence rate were 8.40% ,9.65% respectively. The infection rates of in-patients who hospitalized in the departments of Endocrinology, Gastroenterology, Pulmonology, Rheumatology and Immunology, Oncology, and Infectious Disease were higher in the medical system. Their infection rates of in-patients were 22.58%, 16.67%, 16.00%, 15.79%, 10.81%, 10.00% respectively. The infection rates of in-patients who hospitalized in the departments of Burn, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and General Surgery were higher in the surgical system. Their infection rates of in-patients were 16.67%, 11.76%, and 9.55% respectively. The infection sites' constitution ratios were 29.03% (low respiratory tract), 22.58% (urinary tract), 11.83% (gastrointestinal tract), 10.75% (upper respiratory tract), 9.68% (postoperative incision), and 16.14% (other positions) respectively. The antibiotic day-use rate was 54.56%, of which therapeutic antibiotic accounted for (63.88%).The ratio of one and two antibiotic combination accounted for 86.39%, theratio of three and more antibiotic combination was 17.24%.The pathogens of nosocomial infection were mainly gram-negative bacteria (64.91%), gram-positive ones (10.53%), and fungi (24.56%). The infection rates of in-patients who were infants or old patients (>60years), and suffered from cancer, chronic nephropathy and hepatopathy, diabetes, leukemia were higher. Simultaneously the logistic regression showed that the highly dangerous factors of nosocomial infection were as follows, indwelling catheter, tracheotomy, immunosuppressive agents, cerebral vascular disease, number of basic diseases 3 and antibiotic use.Conclusions: The highly dangerous factors of nosocomial infection were indwelling catheter, tracheotomy, immunosuppressive agents, cerebral vascular disease, number of basic diseases 3 and antibiotic use. The key to reducing nosocomial infection rate was that asepsis was strictly carried into effect, patients who received invasive operation were intensively nursed, antibiotics were reasonably used and simultaneously immunity was strengthened in the hospital.