A Comparative Study Of Sino-us Anesthesia Nursing Training Mode

With the development of medical technology,expanding working scope and content ofanesthesiology,we have increased requirements for anesthesiologists.In order to alleviatethe workload of anesthesiologists,making them have more energy to concentrate on theanesthesia quality and life safety of operative patients, anesthesia nursing profession isemerging.International Federation of Nurse Anesthetists(IFNA) defines the anesthesianursing as following:anesthesia nursing provide nursing or anesthesia nursing to patientsrequiring anesthesia,respiratory nursing and cardio-pulmonary support.With a history of160years,The United States is the first country to develop anesthesia nursing in the worldaccompanied by more than100years of anesthesia nursing education.Along with itsprominent professional features,clear training target,abundant teacher strength andsystemic curricular system,anesthesia nursing education in the United States startedearly,which has formed a complete training mode of anesthesia nursing.Owning to latebegining(so far only20years), the anesthesia nursing in China is in a way to a perfectstage,which has not formed a set of training mode with our own characteristics. Despitedifferent national conditions,understanding and draw lessons from the American mode hasvery important significance to develop the anesthesia nursing education of our nation.This paper tries to illustrate the admission and enrollment,training target,curriculumsetting,teaching methods and means,authentication and evaluation of nursing qualificationthrough the comparison of anesthesia nursing training patterns between China and and theUnited States to conclude their characteristics,advantages and shortcomings of their owndevelopments.Under the observation of multidisciplinary approach,this paper analyses theprofound cause of the difference and rationally seek the commons and treat the differencesof the two anesthesia nursing training patterns which are originated from two differentcultural backgrounds.Finally,this paper predicts the development trend of Chineseanesthesia nursing education to offer reference to develop and improve the collegeanesthesia nursing training with Chinese characteristics. The paper can be divided into four main parts as follows:Part one: Introduction. The part mainly introduces the background,the necessity ofcultivating anesthesia nurses,literature review,defination of relevant concepts,researchprograms,comparing step,comparison principle,comparative framework and theoreticalbasis.Part two:The training mode of anesthesia nursesThrough school of nursing from9university in the United States show that,thetraining mode of anesthesia nursing in the United States has the followingcharacteristics:(1)the culture mode of anesthesia nurses is postgraduate education;(2)highthreshold of personnel access and training level;(3)the target of role orientation and payattention to cultivation of student ability;(4)the specialization,individuation andhumanization of curriculum design;(5)the integrity of training mode.Through school of nursing from2university in China show that,the training mode ofanesthesia nursing in China has the following characteristics:(1) the main culture mode ofanesthesia nurses is diploma education and supplemented with postgraduateeducation;(2)low threshold of personnel access and training level;(3)macroscopical targetand pay attention to acquire the basic knowledge and skill;(4) the main features ofcurriculum design are as following: discipline forms pay attention to systematicknowledge; pay attention to political theory and English learning;(5)incomplete trainingmode.Part three:Comparison of anesthesia nursing training mode.Based on differences in national conditions,historical development and educationsystem between the two countries, therefore the training of anesthesia nurses arevariant.(1)enrollment and admission criteria:Chinese mode is simple,American mode isflexible;(2)the target:Chinese macroscopical target pays attention to acquire the basicknowledge and skill,American role orientation target pays attention to anesthesiaprocedure and professional capability;(3)the curriculum structure and type:Public culturalcourses especially political science and English account for a large proportion in China，however,they play a smaller role in America,anesthesia nursing core curriculum are madeup of the whole system.(4) course content:China values the systematical master andknowledge impartment of anesthesia nursing theory;America pays attention to the clinicalapplication of anesthesia nursing theory and competence foster.(5)Curriculum evaluationand standards:still in establishment in China;the America becomes faultless.(6)teachingmethods and means:simple and traditional in China;flexible in America.(7)authentication and evaluation:still in establishment in China;the America becomes faultless.Part four:Thoughts and suggestions to anesthesia nursing training mode in China.Thoughts to anesthesia nursing training mode:(1)short history of development and notpopular in the domestic,anesthesiologists have not reach a commonunderstanding.(2)poorly educated anesthesia nurses.(3)The construction of teachers team isnot complete.(4)lack of professional theoretical knowledge and training.(5)lack of practicestandards of anesthesia nurses.(6)lack of unified certification system.Suggestion to anesthesia nursing training mode:(1)accurate positioning of anesthesianurses.(2)explicit the target of role orientation.(3)strengthen formal schooling educationand establish a normative base to carry out postgraduate education.(4)improve the trainingand qualification system.