Effects Of Acute Exercise Intervention On The Hemodynamics In The Common Carotid Arteries

Hemodynamics plays an important role in the regulation of arterial structures and functions. To investigate effects of acute anaerobic and aerobic exercise interventions on hemodynamics in the common carotid arteries for athlete group and sedentary control group,12football player aged20-24and12age-matched volunteers are treated as research subjects and successively underwent acute anaerobic and aerobic exercise interventions with a power cycle. A color Doppler ultrasonography was used to detect waveforms of arterial diameter (AD) and certter-line velocity (CV) both in quiescent condition and after exercises. Meanwhile, an electronic sphygmomanometer was used to monitor systolic and diastolic pressures in brachial artery. According to detected data, the Womersely theory was used to calculate hemodynamic parameters including flow rate (FR), carotid arterial pressure (BP), circumferential strain (CS), wall shear stress (WSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), peripheral resistance (Rq), dynamic resistance (DR), pulsation index (PI), pressure-strain elasticity modulus (Ep), arterial compliance (AC) and arterial stiffness (β). Afterwards, statistical analysis was performed for detected and calculated hemodynamic parameters, main results are as follows:(1) For both acute anaerobic and aerobic exercise interventions, athletes group and normal control group have some similar tendencies. Three minutes after exercise, heart rate, maximum center-line velocities, maximum shear stress, maximum flow rate, systolic blood pressure, circumferential strain, pulsation index and oscillatory shear index increase significantly. On the contrary, minimum center-line velocities, minimum shear stress, minimum flow rate and arterial diameter decrease significantly. With the time going (3→15→30mins), these hemodynamic parameters tend to levels in quiescent condition.(2) The maximum center-line velocities, peripheral resistance, pulsation index, maximum flow rate, systolic blood pressure, circumferential strain, maximum shear stress and oscillatory shear index increased during anaerobic exercise compared to those during aerobic exercise at both athletes group and sedentary control group. The minimum center-line velocities, minimum flow rate, minimum shear stress, diastolic blood pressure and arterial diameter decreased during anaerobic exercise compared with those during aerobic exercise at both athletes group and sedentary control group.(3) Compared with sedentary control group, athletes group demonstrated higher center-line velocity, circumferential strain, oscillatory shear index, shear stress, pulsation index, lower heart rate, systolic blood pressure and peripheral resistance at3min after both anaerobic and aerobic exercise intervention. Moreover, minimum center-line velocities, minimum shear stress, minimum flow rate and arterial diameter were significantly reduced at3min after exercise when compared with those at resting states.The above-mentioned results indicate that the acute anaerobic and aerobic exercise interventions significantly affect hemodynamic parameters in common carotid arteries, in addition, the effects of acute anaerobic exercise intervention on carotid arterial hemodynamic behaviors are more remarkable. Hemodynamic behaviors for athletes group and sedentary controls group in response to acute anaerobic exercise intervention are significantly different as well.