Protective Role Of Mediterranean Diet On Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes

Objective To summarize the importance of Mediterranean diet in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes.Data sources We searched electronic database o PubMed up to 14 April 2014, we identified these articles withfollowing key words: "Mediterranean diet" and "diabetes".The inkial search resulted in 451 entries. The search strategy had no language and publication date restrictions. The relevance of the studies was assessed based only on the title and abstract. The studies included in our review had match e following inclusion criteria;(1) randomized clinical trials and meta-analysis or systematic review, and(2)provided strong evidence for the di as way prevent type 2 diabetes, and improve glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors i diabetic patients. We reviewed 49 manuscripts and only 22 met our inclusion criteria.Study selection Relevant literatures including randomized control trials,meta-analysis or systematic review.Results Based on several studies,Mediterraneanis inversely relatedtype 2diabetes and plays important roles inthe management of type 2 diabetes.Based othe evidence gathered and evaluated from various studies,we concluded combination and interaction of Mediterranean diet components,such as fruits,vegetables,nuts,legumes,whole grains,fish and moderate intakes of red wine,which contain eential nutrients and health promoting properties,including high fibers,high magnesixim,high anti-oxidant and high monounsaturatal fatty acids(MUFA).Interaction and combination of these eential nutriits and health promoting properties found 1:0 lower body weight,hemoglobiAlC(HbAlc),low density lipoprotein(LDL),oxidative-stress and improve high density lipoprotein(HDL)level;which are beneficial for prevention and prognosis improvement of type 2 diabetes.Conclusions In the modem society, poor dietary habits accompanied by inadequate physical activity are associated withthe risk of having obesity and type 2 diabetes.Promoting heaUhy lifestyle and diet are not only beeficial in 1;he prevention ad treatment of various diseases but also important i mainlining the overall health. Switching from unhealthy diet to health-friendly diet such as Mediterranean did: represents healthy lifestyle choice.Objective To briefly overview the impact of nutrition transition that leads the current rise of obesity and chronic diseases; 1:o summarize the prcrtective role of Mediterranean diet in obesityData Sources We searched electronic database on PubMed and Google Scholars up 17 December 2014. We used e llowing key words "Mediterranean diet,,,"obesity,,,"weight gain,,,"mono-unsaturated fatty acids","whole grais" and "fibers". The search strategy had no language and publication date restrictions.Study Selecon elevant literatures including control trials,cohort studies,meta-analysis and literature review.Results Based from esul1:s of several studies Mediterranean diet has been positively associated wi lower incidece of obesity. High consumption of fresh frui,vegetables,legumes,nuts, whole grains and olive accompanied by moderate intake of fish and red wine promotes higher monounsaturated fats, fibers and complex carbohydrates(low GI) intake. The physiological interactions of these elements lead to improvements of satiety and satiatio which is bee行dal to control food itake. Obesity mostly caused by excess energy intake compared to energy expenditure. Better control of food intake, this means individuals are le hkely be obese due to overeating.Conclusion the impacts of globalizatio and economic growth o dietary pattern and lifestyle are inevitable in modem society. These major changes ietary pattern and lifestyle which often called ’nutritio transition,has led e current increase of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular sease,type 2 diabetes,obesity and diet-related ills either directly or indictly. Hence,it is important r us to put more emphasi promoting healthy "festyle and healthy eating haWts. Combination of healthy hfestyle,decent knowledge of mitrition,adherence to healy dietary pattern such s Mediterranean diet and adequate physical activity is the key factors for preventing chronic disease and weight management.