| Objective:To investigate the effect of NKD1, β-catenin and Cyclin D1 protein in carcinogenesis, progression, invasion and metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma by detecting expression of NKD1, β-catenin and Cyclin D1 protein and analyzing the relationship between its expression and clinical pathological factors, which will provide the basis of targeted therapy and prognosis judgment of colorectal adenocarcinoma.Methods:1 The protein expression of NKD1, β-catenin and cyclin D1 was detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC) with Streptavidin-Peroxidase(SP) in 128 cases of colorectal cancer, 70 cases adenoma and 38 cases of normal mucosa.2 Statistical analysis: Data were analyzed by x2 test and spearman correlation analysis by SPSS17.0 software. A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:1 The results showed that positive expression of NKD1 protein was 78.9%(30/38) in normal mucosa, 53.3%(38/70)in adenoma,and 28.9%(37/128) in colorectal adenocarcinoma respectively. The positive expression rate of NKD1 protein decreased in canceration of colorectal adenocarcinoma from normal colorectal mucosa to adenoma to colorectal adenocarcinoma(P<0.01).The positive expression rate of NKD1 protein was 63.6% in mild dysplasia, 61.1% in moderate dysplasia and 31.6% in severe dysplasia respectively. The positive expression rate of NKD1 protein in mild dysplasia was higher than in severe dysplasia respectively, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05)The result of correlation analysis showed that the NKD1 protein positive expression in low differentiation adenocarcinoma was higher compared with high-moderate differentiation adenocarcinoma. And NKD1 expression in stage A+B was higher than that in stage C+D. In addition, the positive expression rate of NKD1 protein in without lymph node metastasis was higher than that in lymph node metastasis group(P<0.05). However, the positive expression of NKD1 has no correlation with age, sex, size of tumor, infiltration depth, location of lesion and distant metastasis or not(P>0.05)2 The result of IHC showed that membrane expression of β-catenin was assessed as normal expression, however, β-catenin was assessed as abnormal expression once located in cytoplasm and/or nuclei. The abnormal expression rate of β-catenin protein was 62.5%(80/128) in adenocarcinoma, 27.1%(19/70) in adenoma(27.1%) and 0%(0/38) in normal mucosa respectively. By the statistical analysis, β-catenin abnormal expression in adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal mucosa and adenoma and the abnormal expression in adenoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal mucosa(P<0.01).There was no significantly change of abnormal expression of β-catenin protein in different dysplasia degree of colorectal adenoma(P>0.05).The abnormal expression rate of β-catenin protein in colorectal adenocarcinoma was correlated with degree of differentiation,Dukes stage and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05), but not correlated with age, sex, size of tumor, infiltration depth, location of lesion and distant metastasis or not.3 The positive expression rate of Cyclin D1 protein in normal colorectal mucosa, adenoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma was 0%(0/38), 37.1%(26/70) and 61.7%(79/128) respectively(P<0.01).The positive expression rate of Cyclin D1 protein was 21.2%(7/33) in mild dysplasia, 33.3%(6/18) in moderate dysplasia and 68.4%(13/19) in severe dysplasia, and the difference was statistically significant.The expression of Cyclin D1 was not correlated with age, sex, distant metastasis, depth of invasion, diameter of tumor and lesion(P>0.05), however was significantly correlated with differential degree, Dukes staging and lymph node metastasis(P<0.01).4 The expression of NKD1 was significanly negative correlated with the expression of β-catenin protein in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues(rs =-0.645,P<0.01). However, no correlation is found between the expression of NKD1 and Cyclin D1(rs =0.077,P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expression of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 protein in colorectal adenocarcinoma(rs =0.618,P<0.01).Conclusions1 The positive expression rate of NKD1 was correlated with differential degree, Dukes staging and lymph node metastasis, which suggested that low expression of NKD1 protein may be involved in the occurrence, invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer.Detection of NKD1 will be expected to become one of the indicators of evaluating the malignant degree and prognosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma, and also provides a theoretical basis for the study of antitumor therapy.2 The abnormal expression of β-catenin protein may directly or indirectly lead to the occurrence and development of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Detection of expression of β-catenin protein may become malignant degree evaluation of colorectal cancer and prognosis, in addition, it would become molecule target for antitumor of colorectal adenocarcinoma.3 The upregulation of Cyclin D1 protein expression would play an important role in canceration of colorectal adenocarcinoma and may be involved in the regulation of malignant phenotype of human colorectal adenocarcinoma, and promote the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer, and associated with a poor clinical prognosis.4 In colorectal adenocarcinoma, there was a negative correlation between the expression of NKD1 and β-catenin protein, a positive correlation between β-catenin and Cyclin D1. |
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