| Objective: To investigate the morbidity, etiology and risk factors of young stroke in Southern of Sichuan, China, which would provide a theory for primary and secondary prevention in youth adults, as well as providing for the youth health education. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 398 young patients aged 18 to 44 was made, who exposed to stroke for the first onset admitted to department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College from January 2009 to December 2013, in contrast, 425 cases of stroke aged greater than or equal to 45 were adopted by stratified random sampling in the same period. The aim is to analyze its morbidity, etiology,risk factors and relevant clinical characteristics. Results: ①Young stroke accounted for 6.09% of all inpatients during this period, the radio of ischemic was 78.39%, the male was 64.57% and aged from 41 to 44 was 41.74%.② TOAST etiology classification: The percentage of large-artery atherosclerosis, small-vessel, cardioembolism, other determined and undetermined etiology were 56.09%, 17.95%, 9.93%, 10.90% and 5.13% respectively in youth ischemic stroke. Compared with the elderly group, other determined and undetermined etiology were higher, but the small-vessel was lower, the difference was statistically significant difference(P<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in composition in large-artery atheros- clerosis and cardioembolism. ③The type of hemorrhagic stroke included hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage(50%), arterial aneurysm(19.74%), cerebrovascular malformation(10.53%), other determined(2.63%)and undeter- mined etiology(17.11%), compared with elderly group, the differences were no statistically significant(P>0.05). ④The common risk factors in young stroke were hypertension(44.22%), smoking(34.92%), hyperlipidemia(31.41%), hyperuricemia(20.35%), alcohol(20.10%), obesity(13.07%), diabetes(8.54%), and rheumatic heart disease(6.03%). About half the patients had two or more of the risk factors, and 26.62% had three or more risk factors. The percentage of hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, alcohol and obesity are increasing year by year. The constituent ratio of smoking, hyperlipidemia, alcohol, obesity and rheumatic heart disease in youth group were respectively higher than that in the elderly group, the difference was statistically significant differences(P<0.05), on the other hand, the constituent ratio of hypertension(66.12%), diabetes(20.47%) and coronary heart disease(10.82%) were lower, the difference was statistically significant differences(P<0.05). ⑤The most common complications of young stroke in hospital was respiratory tract infection(4.27%), which was less than the elderly group, the difference was statistically significant differences(P<0.05). ⑥The case fatality rate of acute period of stroke in young stroke was 1.26%,the primary cause of it was hernia cerebri. in The case fatality rate was no statistically significant differences compared to elderly group(3.06%)(P > 0.05). ⑦The average hospitalization days of young stroke were(14.11±10.71days), and the days of ischemic stroke group were 13.38±8.62 days, the days of hemorrhagic stroke group were 15.78±12.88 days. Compared with the elderly age group(13.41±10.62days), the difference was no statistically significant differences(P>0.05). Conclusion: ①Young stroke accounted for a certain ratio of all hospitalized stroke patients, most of which were ischemic stroke and male.The aged from 41 to 44 had dominance. ②Large-artery atherosclerosis was the most common etiology of youth ischemic stroke. Hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage was the most frequent type in hemorrhagic stroke. ③The common risk factors were hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, alcohol, obesity, diabetes, and rheumatic heart disease. ④The constituent ratio of smoking, alcohol, hyperlipidemia, obesity and unhealthy lifestyle were relatively high in young stroke, and the percentage of hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, alcohol and obesity are increasing year by year. ⑤young stroke attack because of many risk factors, above half the patients had two or more of the risk factors. ⑥The average of hospital stay was longer, and the most common complications in hospital was respiratory tract infection. ⑦Aimed at young stroke, primary prevention is still the top priority, the propaganda and education to young people should be enhanced in living style and dietary habits. |
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