Analysis Of Psychobehavioral Factors For Adolescence Self-injury At Different Stages

Objective This study is aim to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and possible associations between psychological behavior factors and non-suicidal self-injury behaviors. Draw on the integrated motivational-volitional model of self-injury behaviour and explore the psychological behavior factors of self-injury behaviors at different stages.Methods A total of 14,820 middle school students were selected from junior and senior middle schools in Zhengzhou, Guiyang and Bengbu city. Questionnaires would include demographics, self-injury thoughts, self-injury behaviors and psychological behavior factors(psychopathological status, life events, social support, coping style, impulsive behavior and so on). Rates on psychological behavior factors and self-injury behaviors were compared in students with specific characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze relationships between psychological behavior factors and self-injury behaviors at different stages.Results The overall prevalence of self-injury thoughts among middle school students was 7.7%, 9.3% of the girls reported having more self-injury thoughts. The prevalence of self-injury behaviors was 26.0%, 28.2% of the boys reported having more self-injury behaviors. The findings also indicated that grade, perceived family economical status, perceived learning burden, number of intimate friends and whether is the only child were important concomitants of self-injury thoughts and behaviors(P<0.01). It also suggested that the incidence of the self-injury thoughts and behaviorsamong students with tobacco and alcohol use was significantly higher than students without tobacco and alcohol use(P<0.01).Students who reported self-injury thoughts and behaviors have significantly greater exposure to psychopathological status,negative life events, negative coping style, low social support, high impulsive behavior, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that, after controlling for demographics psychological status, the main risk factors that influence the self-injury thoughts was psychopathological status(OR=1.88,95% CI:1.56~2.27), negative life events(OR=1.62,95% CI:1.37~1.92), low social support(OR=1.31,95% CI:1.11~1.56), negative coping style(OR=2.97,95% CI:2.29~3.86). The main risk factors that influence the self-injury behaviors was psychopathological status(OR=2.18,95% CI:1.93~2.46), negative life events(OR=2.16,95% CI:1.94~2.41), low social support(OR=1.40,95% CI:1.25~1.56), negative coping style(OR=3.68,95% CI:3.10~4.36) and high impulsive behavior(OR=1.37,95% CI:1.17~1.60).Regard self-injury thoughts as reference group, the difference influence factors between self-injury thoughts and self-injury behaviors was negative life events(OR=1.32,95% CI:1.11~1.60), impulsive behavior(middle vs low:OR=1.24,95% CI:0.99~1.54;high vs low: OR=1.34,95% CI:1.04~1.73) and family/friends self-injury ever(OR=1.32,95% CI:1.11~1.60).Conclusions Self-injury was common in adolescents. The findings suggest that psychopathological status, negative life events, low positive coping, high negative coping, low social support and high impulsive behavior were all the risk factors of self-injury thoughts and self-injury behaviors. For the self-injury thoughts person, negative life events, high impulsive behavior and family/friends self-injury ever can increase risk of self-injury behaviors.