Prevalence Of Sensitization To Allergens In Patients Withallergic Rhinitis In Zhengzhou District

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the main allergens(Including aeroallergens or phagoallergens) in patients with allergic rhinitis in Zhengzhou district by skin prick test. This article hope to guide patients with allergic rhinitis clear positive allergens and avoid to be exposed in the allergens, to reduce the incidence; And to provide theory basis to the specific immunotherapy for patients with allergic rhinitis in native place; And formulate a suited for the allergen in the local spectrum according to the allergen spectrum analysis. Also hope to offer some referencing value for the disease in the region of a wide range of epidemiological survey work.MethodsA total of1407cases with allergic rhinitis of zhengzhou area, who visited nose outpatient of in the first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university from October2011to November2013, was selected as a test and the research object. all of them were using “Allergopharma” skin prick test including20kinds of single and mixed preparation of aeroallergens or phagoallergens. The samples were divided into four groups according to the age: under17years old,18~39years old,40~59years old and over60years of groups.Patients aged over18years old was “Adult group”, and under the age of17years old was “child group”. The distributions of different allergens in the four groups were analyzed. The results was analyzed by χ2test and t test. P＜0.05was statistical significance.Results1.There were1139cases(81.0%)showed positive reaction in1407patients with allergic rhinitis.2.The top five inhalation allergens of patients with positive skin prick tests were as follows: dermatophagoides farinae(80.8%), dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(76.4%), cat hair(45.4%), herbs(34.9%) and poaceae(31.0%). the top five ingestive ones were shrimp(12.6%), peanut(5.8%), egg(4.9%), carp(4.5%) and meat(4.2%).3.There were no significant difference between male and female in the positive rate in patients with positive result of skin prick test, average age of women is bigger than men. The age distribution were most in18~39years old group(567cases,50%), As the patients age, the positive rate and intensity respond to various allergens was gradually decline. Dermatophagoides farina and shrimp were the primary allergens of aeroallergens or phagoallergens for each age group.The rest of the allergen ranking of different age groups is not exactly the same.4.The positive patients of allergen skin prick test were primary in summer (35.0%), and autumn (33.2%), minimum in winter (12.4%).5.Skin prick test was strong positive(++++) was primary occur in dermatophagoides farina and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Weak positive rate in “child group” significantly below “Adult group”, but strong positive rate is significantly higher than “Adult group”. Skin prick test was weak positive(+) was primary occur in phagoallergens.Conclusions1.The most common allergens in Zhengzhou district about aeroallergens were dermatophagoides farina, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, cat hair, herbs and poaceae.In this paper, the result is roughly consistent with elsewhere in the north, but it also has its uniqueness.To a certain extent, the result reflects the distribution characteristics of allergens in Zhengzhou area. The reason may relate to the climate, environment,crops,vegetation,energy, pollution and population structure between urban and rural areas.2.The aeroallergens allergen’s positive rate was significantly lower thanthe phagoallergens allergen, we can draw a conclusion that it does not dominate.The most common allergens were shrimp, peanut, egg and carp, fruit class ranked relatively behind. This may be related to people’s eating habits and Zhengzhou is located in the mainland.3.As the patients age, the positive rate and intensity respond to various allergens was gradually decline. Children should accept the specific immunotherapy compared with adults3.In the future, we can adjust the types of allergens and eliminate allergens of positive rate is low in this region based on allergen spectrum analysis in skin prick test.Or work out different allergens detection spectrum according to the patients’ gender, age, to increase the detection rate, saving the cost of health care.