Investigation Of Quality Of Work Life, Occupational Stress And Depression And Their Influence Factors Of Coking Plant Workers Of China

ObjectivesTo investigate the current status of quality of work life, occupational stress and depression in a coking lant, analyze the influential factors and the relationship among them. To provide relevant references and theoretical basis for making effective plans to reduce occupational stress of employees, depression reaction and improve the quality of life.Methods1700staffs of a coking plant in Shanxi province were investigated by cluster sampling method (including every active staff working in coking workshop, coal workshop, coke workshop, recycling workshop, water supply workshop, gas supply workshop and quality testing workshop). Select graduate students who had been unified training as the investigator, and organizing staffs to answer the questionnaire on-site. Using the general questionnaire to know the basic situation of the coking plant staffs (including individual factors, professional factors, behavior factors and health factors). To knowthe plant staffs quality of life by using SF-36health survey questionnaire. To knowthe plant employees’occupational stress status by using OSI-R. occupational stress questionnaire. To knowthe plant staffs depression status by using SDS depression questionnaire. Based on the analysis of the basic information of the plant staffs, further analysis of the plant staffs quality of life, occupational stress and depression status and its influencing factors, and analyzing the the relationship among quality of lite, occupational stress and depression.Epidata3.1software was used to input data and establish the database. The data were analyzed by SPSS13.0statistical software package. Reliability analysis was used to test the reliability of the questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the distribution of the basic information of the staff. Using analysis of variance and t-test to compare different results of the quality of life, the condition of occupational stress and depression of employees caused by different factors, and LSD method was used for multiple comparison; To explore the correlations of quality of life, occupational stress and depression by using Pearson product moment correlation Using multiple linear regression analysis to investigate the influence factors of the life quality,occupational stress and depression; Using binary classification unconditioned Logistic regression analysis to explore the influence factors of depressive symptoms. The significant level a was0.05(two-sided). Using AMOS7.0to analyze the relationship among the the life quality,occupational stress and depressionResults1. The results of inquiry to the quality of life:The enterprise staff’s eight dimensions scores ofQOLwere PF was84.28±16.68, RP was73.72±35.64, BP was78.01i20.43.GH was61.90±20.50, VT was60.13±18.08,SF was78.61±18.57,RE was71.67±37.38and MH was62.49±16.12. And compared with China domestic norm, the eight dimensions scores of QOL were lower than the norm, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). The scores of PCS, MCS and QOL were297.90±71.43,272.80±70.77and570.70±133.12. By the multiple linear regression analysis, the influence factors were showed in’turn. The influence factors of PCS were fatigue symptoms, headache dizziness symptoms, whether need highly focus or not in work, job satisfaction, respiratory symptoms, working strength, age, sleep satisfaction, residence, the risk of working, personal monthly income, smoking, spirit tensity in job, the degree of mental stress in daily life, whether to take part in physical exercise, the harmful levels of work environment to the body (P<0.05). The influence factors of MCS were fatigue symptoms, gender, job satisfaction, headache dizziness symtoms, whether need highly focus or not in work, sleep satisfaction, the harmful levels of work environment to the body, work status, family monthly income, spirit tensity in job and the degree of danger at work (P<0..05). The influence factors of QOL were fatigue symptoms, whether need highly focus in work or not. headache dizziness symptoms, job satisfaction, sleep satisfaction, the degree of mental stress in daily life, respiratory symptom, gender, the harmful levels of work environment to the body, spirit tensity in job, work status, working strength, the degree of danger at work, family monthly income, residence and whether to take part in physical exercise (P<0.05).2. The results of status quo survey in occupational stress:The enterprise staff’s scores of ORQ, PSQand PRQ were183.3±24.77,100.03±17.46and I3O.35±24.3. And compared with China domestic norm, the scores of ORQ and PSQ were higher than the norm, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05), but the scores of PRQ and the norm difference has no statistical significance (P>0.05). There were56.18%of employees feel professional task reasonably,33.04%of employees feel professional task moderate tension, and8.04%of employees feel highly professional task stress. There were66.16%of the staff of normal stress reaction,24.26%of the staff of moderate stress reaction, and6.92%of the staff of high tension response. There were56.55%of the employees deal with resources normally,25.97%of the staff deal with resources strongly, and12.5%of the staff of moderate lack of coping resources. By the multile linear regression analysis, the influence factors were showed in turn. The influence factors of ORQ were whether need highly focus or not in work, working strength, the harmful levels of work environment to the body, fatigue symtoms, working fatigue, hobbies and interests, job satisfaction and levels of protection articles used at work(P<0.05). The influence factors of PSQ were whether need highly focus or not in work, working strength, job satisfaction, the harmful levels of work environment to the body, loss of appetite symptoms, the degree of danger at work, sleeping time, symptoms of amnesia,drinking and respiratory symptom(/1<0.05). The influence factors of PRQ were whether need highly focus or not in work.job satisfaction, hobbies and interests, levels of protection articles used at work, spirit tensity in job, gender, chances of take part in entertainment, fatigue symptoms, whether to take part in physical exercise, working strength, sleep satisfaction, working age, the harmful levels of work environment to the body, sleeping time (P<0.05) The ORQ and PSQ were positively correlated(r was0.310, P<0.01),and The ORQ and PRQ were negatively correlated(r was-0.054,P<0.01).3. The results of status quo survey of depression:The depression score of the enterprise staff was47.49±12.84.53was the boundary value of whether depression or not.There were804staffs’depression score was below53points (59.2%), and another553staffs’depression score was above53points (40.8%). By the multiple linear regression analysis, the influence factors were showed in turn. The influence factors of depression were whether need highly focus or not in work, spirit tensity in job, loss of appetite symptoms, working fatigue, gender, sleeping time, the harmful levels of work environment to the body, degree of education, fatigue symptoms. the risk of working, sleep satisfaction, the degree of mental stress in daily life, levels of protection articles used at work, family monthly income and smoking (P<0.05). By binary classification unconditioned logistic regression analysis, the influence factors were showed in turn. work status, levels of protection articles used at work, family monthly income, sleep satisfaction and sleeping time were the protect factors of the depression. But loss of appetite symptoms, spirit tensity in job, working fatigue and smoking were the risk factors of the depression.4. The relationship between the life quality, occupational stress and depression. The PSQ, PRQ and each dimension of them had a correlation with QOLand its every child dimension. Each dimension of QOL are negatively correlated with PSQ and its dimensions (P<0.01), and there was a positive correlation with each dimension of QOL and PRQ and its dimensions (P<0.01). By the multiple linear regression analysis, the occupational stress factors which influenced the QOL were showed in turn. The influence factors of PCS were PHS, PSY, Rl, PE, RE, RC, SS and R (P<0.05). The influence factors of MCS were PSY, PHS, SS, PE, RE. Rl, SC. RA and R (P<0.05).The influence factors of QOL were PHS, PSY, PE, SS, RE, Rl, RC, R A and R(P<0.05). The scores of PCS, MCS and QOL in depressed staff were lower than normal staff, and the difference was statistically significant (/><0.01). Depression and each dimensions of QOL had a correlation (P<0.01), and were negatively correlated.The enterprise staff’s scores of ORQ, PSQ and PRQ were different between different depression group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). The scores of ORQ,PSQ and its each child dimensions in depression people were higher than normal people, In addition to RO and PE, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). The scores of PRQ and its each child dimensions in depression people were lower than normal people, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). In addition to RO, Depression was correlated with ORQ, PSQ and PRQ and their child dimensions (P<0.01). And depression scores and ORQ. PSQ including its item scores were positively correlated. Depression scores and PRQ including its item scores were negatively correlated. By binary classification unconditioned logistic regression analysis, the occupational stress factors which influenced the depression were showed in turn. RE, SS and RC were protective factors (P<0.05).R, VS and PHS were risk factors (P <0.05). RA,R, PSQ and PRQ were protective factors of depression(T<0.05), as the degree of strain response was reduced, protection were enhanced. With the improved of the ability to cope with resources, Protection were enhanced (P<0.01).According to the result of path analysis, It showed that the enterprise worker PSQ were positively correlated with depression (P<0.01), PSQ and depression are negative correlation with QOL (P<0.01). ConclusionsThe coking plant staffs quality of life was lower than the domestic norm, occupational stress level was higher than domestic norm, and depression was at high levels. This situation was influenced by the occupational factors of the plant and individual factors, behavior factors and health factors of the staffs. The quality of life, occupational stress and depression were correlated with each other. When the occupational stress was higher, the quality of life was lower. The degree of nervous reaction was higher in depressed people, while the degree of the ability to cope with resources was lower in depressed people, and the quality of life was in lower level. Individual stress can directly affect the quality of life, also can indirectly affect the quality of life by affect the depression.