The Evaluation Research Of Occupational Stress And Work Ability On Mental Workers

Objective: Through understanding the occupational stress factors and levels of mental workers,and to explore the the influence of occupational stress on the health and work ability.Then we can provide mental workers’ occupational health service with basic data,and complement the data about the occupational stress and health.At the same time,we can provide the scientific basis for the government and relevant departments to make some decisions.Method: 1)Through using the stratified and cluster sampling method,we selected 17 000 mental workers who had worked more than one year.Then they all asked by the questionnaire which was consist of ISTA6.0,Job stress survey,Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire,Mental Fatigue questionnaire,Social Support questionnaire,Trait Coping Style questionnaire,non-communicable chronic disease prevalence and behavioral risk factor questionnaire and Work Ability Index questionnaire.Finally,the total number of valid return was 14 259,and the valid usable return rate was 83.88%.2)Through using case-control study,we detected the gene polymorphism of 190 cases and 190 controls by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)technology.3)We selected 380 mental workers of all the objects by using random sampling method.Then we detected their serum’s IL-2 and IL-6 content by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method.Results: 1)In this survey,14259 mental workers were finally done the questionnaire,including 6942 male and 7317 female;2189 medical workers(15.4%),6791 civil servants(47.6%)and 5279 teachers(37.0%).The average age was 31.06 years old.2)The main stress factors of mental workers were the complexity,the extent of demand variability,cooperation,task control,time control,cooperation possibility,organizational issues,unreasonable position requirements,task for risk and the tightness of cooperation in the work.In addition,the task uncertainty and work interference were obvious in medical workers,and the possibility of communication was prominent in civil servants and teachers.3)The occupational stress levels of mental workers was highers in people,especially the medical workers(92.3%),civil servants(73.3%)and teachers(70.0%).And the occupational stress levels’ distribution were different in different jobs,length of service and professional titles,and they could affect the occupational stress(P<0.01).4)The mental health of mental workers were different in different stress levels,jobs and demographic characteristics.(1)The scores of job burnout were different in different occupational stress groups(P<0.01),which were increasing by the increase of occupational stress levels.And the job burnout scores of medical workers were higher than the civil servants’ and teachers’.The medical workers who worked less than 10 years that the scores of job burnout were the highest.Besides,the job burnout levels of female were higher than that of male,theminority more serous than the Han Nationality,the single higher than married workers,and the low-education workers’ burnout levels was higher.(2)The mental fatigue scores of different occupational stress groups were different(P<0.01),and the high stress group’s was the highest.In addition to the score of manual work,the scores of total score of fatigue,less activity,powered lowering and mental fatigue among civil servants were all higher than that of medical workers and teachers,but the manual work score of teachers was the highest.The scores of total score of mental fatigue,manual fatigue,and mental fatigue were increasing by the increase of seniority,but the scores of less activity and powered lowering were opposite.The feeling of fatigue of male were higher than that of female,the middle-aged workers were more serous than others,theminority more serous than the Han Nationality,the single higher than married workers,and the workers with a bachelor degree was higher.(3)The scores of coping styles were different in different occupational stress groups,and there were statistical significance(P<0.01).And the higher occupational stress the higher negative coping scores,the lower occupational stress the higher positive coping scores.The scores of coping styles were different in different jobs(P<0.05).The scores of solve problems and seeking help were the highest in medical workers,and the score of self-accusation was the highest in civil servants.Besides,the scores of solve problems,seeking help and fantasy were different,the workers who worked less than 10 years that the score of solve problems was the highest,and the workers who had worked more than 20 years that the score of fantasy was the highest.Then the male,minority,young,high education background,medical workers and high professional titles workers that they were easier to take a positive approach to deal with problems.(4)The social support score of high occupational stress group was lower than that of low occupational stress group(P<0.01),there were significant different in different jobs and seniority(P<0.01),and the civil servants’ was higher than teachers’,meanwhile the higher seniority the social support scores.Then the male,the age higher than 50 years old,minority,married and bachelor degree or above workers that they all had higher social support.(5)The result of linear regression showed that the occupational stress had the biggest influence to job burnout(β=14.326,P<0.01),and they were positive correlation(P < 0.01),but social support was negatively correlated with occupational stress(P<0.01),which indicated that the high occupational stress levels could increase the risk of job burnout,but the higher social support could reduce the occupational stress levels,then decrease the risk of job burnout.5)The impact of occupational stress to the physical health of mental workers.(1)The common diseases of mental workers and the higher prevalence were lumbar disorders(33.6%),oral diseases(26.6%),chronic diseases of digestive system(22.7%),high cholesterol(14.4%),hypertension(10.1%)and coronary heart disease(4.5%)in turn.The content of FBG of case group was higher than that of control;the content of HDL of case of case group was lower than that of control;the content of TG of case group was higher than that of control;the value of ALT/AST of case group was higher than that of control.(2)The contents of IL-2 and IL-6 were significant different in different occupational stress groups,and with the increase of occupational stress levels,the content of IL-2 reduced,but the content of IL-6 increased(P<0.05).The content of IL-6 were significant different in different gender,professional titles and seniority(P<0.05).Then after controlled the age,ethnic,gender,et al,the result of partial correlation showed that the degree of IL-2 was negatively correlated with job stress and job pressure index,and the degree of IL-6 was opposite(P<0.05).(3)The morbidity rate distribution of hypertension were different in different occupational stress groups,and it showed an increasing trend with the increase of occupational stress levels.And the risky factors of hypertension might be the genetic history of hypertension,passive smoking,drinking,taste,long and high occupational stress levels.The relationship between occupational stress and gene polymorphism of hypertension.The genotype and allele frequency distribution of T(-344)C,rs1800780 and rs3918181 sites were not different in different occupational stress groups(P>0.05).The gene polymorphism of T(-344)C and rs3918181 sites were related to susceptibility of hypertension,and the T(-344)C’s T allele and rs3918181’s A allele might be risky alleles.The linkage disequilibrium analysis of rs1800780 and rs3918181 loci showed that(A-A)and(A-G)haploid types were statistically significant.The former was risky haploid type,and the latter was protecting haploid type(P<0.05).6)The impact of occupational stress to work ability in mental workers.(1)The work ability degree of mental workers were different,the excellent workers accounted for 2.96%,the fine workers accounted for 36.98%,the medium workers accounted for 51.57% and the poor workers accounted for 8.49%.The work ability of mental workers were concentrated on the medium degree.And the medical workers under the high occupational stress easily occurred absence from duty,and it accounted for 39.1%in mental workers.Then the work ability in different gender,age,ethic,marriage and education background workers were significant different(P<0.01),the male,older,Han nationality,married higher education background workers had better work ability than others.(2)The worker ability of different job groups were significant different(P<0.05),and the work ability index of civil servants was the highest,but the lowest of medical workers.At the same time,it could reduce with the increase of seniority.(3)The degrees of work ability were significant different in different occupational stress groups(P<0.01),and the higher occupational stress levels,the lower work ability.In the meantime,the work ability index was reduced by the increase of job burnout levels.The people whom work ability was low that had the highest proportion in the high job burnout group.(4)The result of multiple regression analysis showed that the age,professional titles,seniority,marriage,et al,occupational stress,job burnout,mental fatigue,social support and coping style were related to work ability(P<0.01),which indicated that these factors were the influence factors of work ability.And job burnout,mental fatigue and social support had great effect to work ability.Regression equation was Y=48.584+0.639X3-0.320X4-0.595X5-0.807X6-0.475X7-0.037X8-0.184X9+0.090X10+0.016X11.Conclusion: 1)The main stress factors of mental workers were the complexity,variability,the demand of cooperation,task control,time control,cooperation possibility,organizational issues,unreasonable position requirements,task for risk and the tightness of cooperation in the work.2)The mental workers belong to the populations who has the higher occupational stress levels,and the job,seniority and professional titles are the influence factors to their occupational stress.3)The mental health status of mental workers is different in different stress levels,jobs and demographic characteristics groups.With the increase of occupational stress levels,the job burnout and mental fatigue presents an increasing trend.The coping style can affect the occupational stress levels,the positive coping style can induce the occupational stress levels,and vice-versa.And the high social support could also induce the occupational stress levels.4)With the increase of occupational stress levels,the content of IL-2 reduces,the content of IL-6 increases,and the morbidity rate distribution of hypertension are different in different occupational stress groups,which shows an increasing trend with the increase of occupational stress levels.They have the correlation.The gene polymorphism of T(-344)C and rs3918181 sites are related to susceptibility of hypertension,and the T(-344)C’s T allele and rs3918181’s A allele may be risky alleles.The linkage disequilibrium analysis of rs1800780 and rs3918181 loci show that(A-A)and(A-G)haploid types are statistically significant.And the former is risky haploid type,and the latter is protecting haploid type.5)Occupational stress could have a bad effect on work ability in mental workers,and their work ability are most in medium degree.Then the higher occupational stress level,the poorer work ability.And the influence factors of work ability are age,seniority,occupational stress,job burnout,mental fatigue,social support,coping styles and marriage in mental workers.