Light And Fertilizer Interaction On Growth And Quality Of Pinellia

Araceae Pinellia is a perennial herb, is one of the precious natural herbs. With dried tubers medicine, with vomiting, phlegm dampness effect, is the bulk of Chinese herbal medicines, greater demand. Pinellia ternata grown larger, controlled light and moisture of Pinellia ternata high- quality, high- yield important influence of illumination and water, this paper to light and water are two environmental factors, setting the light transmitting rate were100% and 85.3%, 55.4%; soil moisture respectively 85%θf, 60% θf, 35% θf.To explore the effects of these two factors on the growth and development of the tuber, and to provide theoretical basis for improving the yield and quality of the medicinal materials, and to obtain the high yield cultivation technology. The results are as follows:1. Shade is conducive to plant growth of pinellia. Second return at seedling stage, 85.3%light transmittance of leaf width as 3.20 cm, 55.4% light transmittance of leaf width as 3.77 cm, 100% light transmittance of leaf width as 3.05 cm; 55.4% light transmittance of leaf length 6.70 cm is 85.3% light transmittance of 1.09 times, 1.14 times 100% light transmittance; with decrease of transmittance, Pinellia ternata leaf length, leaf width, plant height out increasing trend, in the three aspects showed 55.4% light transmission rate >85.3%light transmittance rate >100% light transmittance rate, which illustrate the Pinellia, shading could promote the growth of Pinellia ternata, and light transmittance was 55.4% when the most conducive to the growth of Pinellia ternata.2. Shade reduces the photosynthetic rate of pinellia.July second return at seedling stage,treatment rate of 100% light transmittance and 85.3% light transmittance of Pinellia ternata leaves net photosynthetic rate is the highest peak is 13.28 μmol CO2m-2s-1 and 7.91 μmol CO2m-2s-1; August tuber expansion period, 100% transmittance and 85.3% light transmission rate of leaf net photosynthetic rate is the highest peak is 16.45 μmol CO2m-2s-1and 12.22 μmol CO2m-2s-1,diurnal variation is double peak curve, had obvious photosynthetic noon break phenomenon.In these two periods, the maximum net photosynthetic rate was 2.30 μmol CO2m-2s-1 and 5.93μmol CO2m-2s-1, and the diurnal variation showed a single peak curve, which avoided the phenomenon of midday depression.the trend of net photosynthetic rate showed as follows:100% light transmission rate>85.3% light transmission rate>55.4% light transmission rate.The two layer shading of Pinellia growth environment, only a small amount of light, sophotosynthesis ability of pinellia. Therefore, shade reduces the photosynthetic rate of Pinellia ternata. The change trend of transpiration rate was: 100% light transmission rate>85.3% light transmission rate>55.4% light transmission rate. That different levels of shading the transpiration rate in leaves of Pinellia ternata decreased.3.In different soil moisture treatment, 85%θf(highwater) under the average consumption of water to 0.812 kgH2 O per pot, 60% θf(modest) of average water consumption was 0.573kgH2 O per pot, 35% θf(drought) the average consumption of water was 0.335 kgH2 O per pot.Moderate drought inhibited the growth of the plant height and leaf length and leaf width.Under different water treatment, soil moisture status 60% θf of Pinellia growth best,Pinellia plant leaf length, leaf width, height overall trend of 60% θf> 85% θf> 35%θf,indicating that soil moisture over low, resulting in slow growth Pinellia; too much water, the impact of Pinellia root growth and development, and ultimately affect the transport of nutrients and minerals to the leaves, also affected the growth of Pinellia. August tuber expansion of the moisture content of the soil was highest in leaf net photosynthetic rate when60% θf, to 14.7 μmol CO2m-2s-1. The rate of change of date trends 60% θf> 85% θf> 35% θf,photosynthetic rate decreased with the soil moisture content was a "parabola" variation.While under water, or excessive supply suitable conditions, differences in leaf transpiration rate were not significant, but obviously inadequate water supply will significantly reduce the transpiration rate in leaf.4. Effects of light and water on the quality of medicines, studies have shown that the quality of medicines under a layer of shade net 60% θf best conditions, 35% θf quality ingredients under conditions of full illumination is relatively poor. It is recommended that the cultivation process Pinellia moderate shade, shade under appropriate conditions can improve the quality of the quality of medicines.