Effects Of Walnut And Pinellia Intercropping On The Growth, Yield And Quality Of Pinellia

It is the dried tuber of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.which has the effect of drying dam pness and resolving phlegm,lowering rebellion and stopping vomiting,and dispersing lumps and knots.In order to solve the problem of insufficient land resources in theprocess of plantin g P.ternata,Hezhang has developed the J.regia-P.ternata intercrop model,because P.ternata has a strong chemosensory effect,J.regia-P.ternata intercrop model has a strong chemosenso ry effect.The influence of J.regia on the growth and quality of hemlock in this model is still u nclear,and a more comprehensive study is needed to provide theoretical basis and technical g uidance for the application and promotion of this model.In this study,two factors were set: di fferent J.regia canopy widths and different distances from the trunk of J.regia trees under the same canopy width,with J.regia canopy widths of 50 cm,100 cm,150 cm,200 cm,250 cm,300 cm,and no shade treatment as the control;under J.regia trees with a canopy width of 300 c m,a distance from the trunk of 0-60 cm,61-120 cm,121-180 cm,181-240 cm,and a distance from the trunk of the tree was set.The effects of different planting distances on the growth,yi eld and quality of P.ternata sylvestris under different J.regia canopy widths and the same J.re gia canopy width were investigated to provide a theoretical basis for the fruitful cultivation te chnology of J.regia-P.ternata sylvestris.The main research results are as follows.1.A certain canopy width is beneficial to the growth of P.ternata sylvestris.Overall,t he best growth in leaf area,leaf length,leaf width,plant height and stem thickness was observ ed at a crown width of 300 cm;the chlorophyll content of hemlock increased and then decreas ed with the increase of crown width,and the highest chlorophyll content was observed at a cro wn width of 200 cm;the SOD,POD and CAT activities of hemlock gradually decreased with the increase of crown width at each sampling period,and compared with CK,the intercroppin g of hemlock with J.regia of different crown widths suppressed the SOD,POD The overall tre nd of MDA content increased gradually with the increase of canopy width in each sampling p eriod,which was opposite to the trend of protective enzyme activity;the number of grains of hemlock under each canopy width was medium tuber > small tuber > large tuber > multihead,and the weight was medium tuber > large tuber > small tuber > multihead,and the number of grains and weight of medium tuber accounted for the most,which was the main factor of heml ock yield.2.Maintaining proper distance from the main trunk of J.regia trees during intercropping of hemlock and J.regia can promote the growth of hemlock.Compared with CK,the height,l eaf width,leaf length,leaf area,and stem thickness of half-harvest plants grew better in the ra nge of 121-300 cm in each sampling period;chlorophyll content showed an overall trend of in creasing and then decreasing with increasing distance from the main trunk of J.regia trees,an d reached the highest in the range of 181-240 cm;SOD,POD,and CAT activities of half-harv est gradually increased with increasing distance from J.regia trees.Compared with CK,interc ropping at different distances from the main trunk of J.regia tree suppressed SOD,POD and CAT activities and reduced MDA content;in the range of 181-240 cm,the number and weight of large tubers of hemlock were the highest and the number and weight of small tubers were t he smallest.In the range of 181-240 cm,the number and weight of large tubers were the highe st,and the number and weight of small tubers were the lowest.3.the intercropping of hemlock and J.regia showed certain regularity on the enzyme ac tivity and nutrient content of intercropping soil.When intercropping with J.regia of different c anopy widths,soil polyphenol oxidase and catalase activities showed a gradual increase with i ncreasing canopy width,while soil urease,acid phosphatase and sucrose enzyme activities inc reased and then decreased with increasing canopy width;compared with CK,intercropping re duced soil polyphenol oxidase,catalase and soil acid phosphatase activities and increased soil urease and sucrose enzyme activities.When intercropping with J.regia tree trunk at different d istances,intercropping soil enzyme activities all showed an overall trend of gradually decreasi ng with increasing distance from J.regia tree trunk;compared with CK,planting hemlock wit hin a certain distance from J.regia tree could increase soil enzyme activity level,and after exc eeding a certain distance,the enzyme activity level decreased.The organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,effective phosphorus and fast-acting potassium contents were abundant,the total potassium content was in a deficient state and the alkaline decomposed nitrogen content was more deficient when intercropping half-harvest wi th J.regia of different canopy widths,indicating that intercropping half-harvest with J.regia of different canopy widths could improve intercropping soil fertility to a certain extent.When in tercropping with J.regia tree trunk at different distances,organic matter,total nitrogen,total p hosphorus,fast-acting potassium content is rich,effective phosphorus content is medium,tota l potassium,alkaline nitrogen content is lacking,and intercropping with J.regia tree trunk at d ifferent distances within a certain distance can improve soil nutrient content.4.when intercropping with J.regia,the quality indexes and mineral element content of half-summer showed certain regularity.When intercropped with J.regia of different canopy w idths,the moisture,ash and leachate contents of P.ternata sylvestris met the standards stipulat ed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020;the succinic acid content showed a trend of increasing,then decreasing and then increasing with the increase of canopy width,and the succinic acid content was 0.46% at a canopy width of 250 cm,which was significantly higher than other tre atments.The average mass fraction of massive elements in P.ternata sylvestris showed N>Ca>K>P>Na>Mg,and the average mass fraction of trace elements showed Zn>Fe>Mn>B>Cu.The moisture,ash,and extract content of P.ternata.in each treatment at different distanc es from the trunk of J.regia trees were in accordance with the standards of the Chinese Pharm acopoeia 2020;the succinic acid content of P.ternata spp.increased and then decreased with i ncreasing distance from the trunk of J.regia trees,and reached the highest in the range of 181-240 cm from the trunk.The average mass fractions of massive elements in P.ternata sylvestri s were N>Ca>K>Na>P>Mg,and the average mass fractions of trace elements were Zn>Fe>B>Mn>Cu.