| In this paper, the greenhouse cultivation adaptability of Shine-Muscat grape was investigated in Jingbian, Yulin. Four treatments were used to test the influence on the grape fruits quality in greenhouse cultivation, including whether bagging for fruits, plant growth regulator CPPU or GA3 treatments, different leaves retention and fruit loading manipulation. The results are as following:1. The performance of Shine-Muscat grape cultivated in greenhouseThe Shine-Muscat grapes were cultivated in solar greenhouse, which was 3.8 m×7 m× 70 m(h×w×l) with a 6 degrees south by west. The thick walls, regenerative plastic insulation blankets and quilts were used to heat preservation. The Shine-Muscat grapes were planted with single trellis, which was 1.4 meters high and had three iron wires layers, alternately in broad line and narrow line in early January 2014. The space between lines and plants was 0.5 m × 0.5 m × 1.2 m. The grape trees were pruned and maintained with single trunk and arm. Greenhouse was shed to increase the temperature on December 15. Shine-Muscat grape budded at the mid of February, flowered at the end of March, and matured in the mid of June. Single mature fruit, showed oval shape, has average weight of 8.1 g and is crisp, delicious, accompanied with rose fragrance and no acerbity. Furthermore, the fruits have excellent quality and disease resistance, with soluble solids content of 16.78% and acid content of 0.39g/L. Consequently, Shine-Muscat grapes are recommended to be cultivated in greenhouse in Jingbian, Yulin.2 Effects of bagging on fruit quality in greenhouse cultivationFruit bagging at 20 days after flowering can effectively improve the qualities of grapes appearance with smooth and uniform fruit powders. Besides, application of fruit bagging specialized bags can significantly lower 5.57% disease infection and 2.26% fruit cracking comparing to the control treatment without bagging. The outcomes were insignificant for using specialized bags or newspaper bags. Thus, we recommend fruit bagging specialized bags in greenhouse cultivation to improve the commercial qualities.3. Effects of different plant regulator on grape fruit quality in greenhouse cultivationApplications of 10 mg/L CPPU or 20 mg/L GA3 on clusters at 14 days after flowering can both enlarge the grape fruits. The size of fruit and diameter of fruit stem were significantly increased for CPPU treatment but not insignificant for using GA3, and the weights of clusters and single fruit were 65.1 g and 1.66 g, 26.3 g and 1.08 g heavier, respectively. Under the treatment of CPPU, the soluble solids content was 0.64% lower, the acid content was 0.06 g/L higher, and the ratio of soluble solids content to total acid content increased by 2.51, thus the fruit quality was decreased, while the fruit quality exhibited insignificant differences under the treatment of GA3. Consequently, application of 20 mg/L GA3 has better effects on fruit quality.4. Effects of leaf reserved amount on grape fruit qualityThe soluble solid contents were 17.12%, 16.67%, 16.28%, and 16.02% respectively, when 12, 10, 8, and 6 leaves were preserved on fruit cluster. Preservation of more leaves led to better fruit quality. Preservation of 12 leaves significantly increased the soluble solid contents compared to 6 leaves, and had insignificant difference of soluble solids in comparison with 10 and 8 leaves. As a consequent, we recommend the preservation of 10-12 leaves on fruit cluster in grape greenhouse cultivation.5. Effect of fruit-bearing amount on fruit quality in greenhouse cultivationThe soluble solid contents were 17.71%, 16.78%, 16.28%, and 16.12%, when 2, 3, 4, and 5 fruit clusters were grew on grapevine. Thus, growing of less fruit clusters led to better fruit quality, and growing of 2 fruit clusters significantly increased the soluble solid contents compared to 4 and 5 fruit clusters. Therefore, we recommend the preservation of 3-4 fruit clusters considering both fruit quality and fruit yield in grape greenhouse cultivation.6. Summary of techniques in grapevines for greenhouse cultivation according to our investigations. |
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