Development Of The Compound Anaesthetic In Rats And Observation Of Its Anesthetic Effect

Currently, anesthetics for rats mainly include Nembutal, Urethane, Chloral Hydrate and Ketamine. However, the shortages of these drugs like narrow safety range, shallow depth of anesthesia and strong side effects have a serious impact on scientific research. Therefore, the development and exploration of a new composite anesthetic with good anesthetic effect, safety and low side effects has become an urgent problem in experimental research. This study showed a comprehensive and systematic study of compound anesthetic for rats by using animal composite anesthetic theory and scientific experimental methods.First of all, Dexmedetomidinepyridine, Midazolam, Oxycodone were selected as the experimental drugs and their approximate percentage was preliminarily tested. The optimal probationary combination was determined through the three factors-three lever orthogonal texts and decisive orthogonal test with mice. The optimal working concentration of Dexmedetomidinepyridine, Midazolam and Oxycodone was 0.15 mg/kg, 1.35 mg/kg and 0.07 mg/kg.,and the compound anesthetic was tentatively named DFM.In the Via acute toxicity test in mice, the ED50 of DFM was 7.62, LD50 was 51.37, and calculated AI was 6.74, which indicated that DFM had high security.Rats were injected intraperitoneally with DFM by 1 m L/kg, then conduct a comprehensive anesthesia monitoring and detect the biochemical indicators of liver and kidney. The results showed that, induct anesthesia rapidly, anesthesia time was suitable and recovery steady; the mixture had a indeed anesthetic effect on rats, the analgesic, sedative and muscle relaxation effects were ideal and balanced; the temperature(T) showed a downward trend, and after injection 60 min decreased to the lowest value, decreased 0.8℃ compared with base values, and the difference was significant(p<0.05); respiratory(RR) rate showed a downward trend, and after injection 60 min decreased to the lowest value, decreased 6.83%, the difference w as significant(p<0.05); heart rate(HR) showed a downward trend, after injection 60 min and decreased to the lowest value, decreased 35.82%, the difference was significant(p<0.05); oxygen saturation(SPO2) showed a rising trend after a decresed, it were maintained above 92% in the whole process of monitoring; the mean arterial pressure(MAP) showed a downward trend after increasing, and after injection 60 min, decreased to the lowest value, decreased 14.58%, the difference was significant(p<0.05); had a minimal impact on the function of liver and kidney.Through the anesthetic effect comparative test of DFM, Nembutal and Ketamine found that the anesthetic effect of DFM was better than Nembutal and Ketamine, furthermore DFM had more minor impact on circulatory and respiratory system.Through the surgery proof tests, we kown that DFM can provide 60~75 min for surgery wirh a suitable anesthetic depth, we can complete successfully the laparotomy, femoral cannulation, sciatic nerve dissection and other surgery; Surgery group compared with the anesthesia group, the T had a large decreased,but it due to the surgery, the surgery group compared with the control group, the difference of HR, RR, SPO2 and MAP were not significant(p<0.05) at the same monitoring points.In summary, DFM had a indeed anesthetic effect on rats, its analgesic, sedative and muscle relaxation effects were ideal and balanced, it had minor impact on circulatory and respiratory system, and had no significant impact on the function of liver and kidney, so it can satisfy the anesthesia needs in related fields research and clinical diagnosis and treatment.