The Effects Of Four Protocols With Total Intravenous Anaesthesia In Sows

Pigs have been widely used as a model animal in experimental study, and the anaesthesia is a pivotal question in the surgery for pigs. It is difficult to administrate gas anaesthesia to large swines whose weight over100kg. The commonly used methods of anaesthesia are not desirable when they are used in the anaesthesia of pigs. This study was carried out to evaluate and compare propofol-fentanyl (PF), propofol-ketamine (PK), ketamine-fentanyl (KF) and ketamine-midazolam (KM) with TIVA in surgery of large swine.Twenty-four sexually mature Large White sows was divided into four groups randomly.5mg/kg ketamine and0.04mg/kg atropine was intramuscular injected in one syringe as preanesthetic medication. Propofol was injected intravenous to induce the swine into the second anesthetic stage, then PF, PK, KF and KM were used to maintain in each group respectively.All the four protocols provide sufficient effect without obvious side effects. In PK group, heart rate changed significantly at the later period of the maintenance anaesthesia, and decreased significantly at20min (P=0.025) and45min (P=0.038). In the other groups, the changes of heart rate were not significant. At20min (P=0.02),30min (P=0.01), and45min (P=0.002), heart rate in KF group was significant higher than that in PK group, and also significant higher than in PF group (P=0.033) and KM group (P=0.003) at45min. Otherwise, in KF group during the maintenance anesthesia, respiration rate increased (P=0.034) from15min, but arterial oxygen saturation decreased, which was significant lower (P=0.013) than Omin at60min. During the maintenance anesthesia, mean arterial blood pressure increased significantly (P=0.002) from30min in KF group, but kept stable in other groups. There was no significant change (P>0.05) of rectal temperature in every group. There was no significant change (P>0.05) in activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and concentrations of serum urea, creatinine and serum amyloid-A, but the concentration of serum cortisol was increased significantly (P<0.01) in each group during the maintenance anesthesia. The results showed that the protocols did not lead to serious stress.All the four protocols provided sufficient anaesthesia for surgery in pigs under the spontaneous breath with little side effect. Especially, propofol-ketamine provided more stable hemodynamics and respirations, and induced little stress response than other three groups. It is effective and safe for surgery in large swine.