| The weaning pigs had weakness spleen and stomach, vulnerable to cold, dampness and depressed liver, deficient spleen, which caused it easy to diarrhea. According to Chinese veterinarian syndrome differentiation of viscera and etiology theory, we established the medication principle is to inhibiting wood and strengthening earth, promoting qi activating blood and preparate a kind of chinese feed additives "two Macrocephala Flavored Powder" (TMFP). Supplementation of TMFP to the weaning pigs and observe the effect of TMFP on weaning pigs by measuring intestinal tissue morphology, intestinal microbiota. The test methods and results were as follows:1 Preparating TMFP and establishing its quality standard.Mixing Chinese medicinal materials according to the prescribed proportion, superfine grinding,100 mesh sieve, sealing preservation. Inspect TMFP from appearance of uniformity, moisture, load difference and contend determination. To identify Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, Rhizoma atractylodis, Pericarpium citri reticulatae, Radix bupleuri and Salvia miltiorrhiza by TLC and measured the contend of Atractylodes lactone I by HPLC. Establishing TMFP’s quality standard and it was under control.2 Investigated the stability of TMFPInvestigated the stability of TMFP through theaccelerated test and long-term test by appearance of uniformity, moisture, load difference and contend determination. The results showed that TMFP was not change in the accelerated test and long-term test and indicated that TMFP kept stabilily for 12 months under the normal condition.3 The effect of supplementing of TMFP on intestinal morphology, intestinal microbiota.A total of 45 pigs were used to investigate effects ofsupplementaionTMFP on small intestinal morphology, intestinal microbiotain weaning pigs. The dietary treatments were:a control diet; control diet+ 3g/kg TMFP; control diet +5g/kg colistin sulfate (CS). The tissue samples of duodenum, ileum, jejunum were collected and fixed in a 4%(vol/vol) paraformaldehyde until histological measurements were taken at day 7,14 and 21. Contents of the ileum, cecum and colon were sampled aseptically for the analysis of the bacterial community structure.The results showed that supplementation with TMFP increased (P< 0.05) villus height at duodenum, jejunum at 3 time points, increased (P< 0.05) crypt depth at duodenum, jejunum at day 14, improved villus height:crypt depth ratio (P< 0.05) in ileum at day 21 as compared with CS. Supplementation of TMFP had higher (P< 0.05) bifidobacteria counts in the ileum, cecum compared with CS, lactobacilli counts in the cecum were higher (P< 0.05) than CS through 3 time points. Supplementation of TMFP and CS had lower (P < 0.05) E. coli counts in the ileum, cecum and colon at day 7 as compared with control. Supplementions of TMFP showed increased the number of bifidobacteria in colon at day 14 and day 21. Analysis of DGGE fingerprints indicated that the bacteria diversity of TMFP group and antibiotic dose group were higher than that of control group; the bacteria diversity of cecum was higer than that of ileal. For the bacterial population of ileal, high similarities were seen in both TMFP group and antibiotic group with similarity of more than 82%. For the bacterial population of cecum, the similaritiy of TMFP group was higher than those of control group and antibiotic group.The results suggest that TMFP is potential to enhancing intestinal morphology and improving the microbiota community structure of weaning pigs,and can prevent diarrhea. TMFP can be served as an effective and safe dietary additive for weaning pigs. |
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