The Application Of Vinegar Residue Substrate In Cultivation Of Mini-Cucumber

Vinegar residue is a kind of residue after using food raw materials (rice, wheat, sorghum, etc.) to produce the vinegar. Factories producing vinegar in China make a lot of vinegar residue, which poses a big pressure on environment. Vinegar residue substrate is a new type of horticulture organic substrate as raw materials to residue by stacking fermentation. In order to further improve the quality of cultivated vinegar residue substrate, peat or other substrates can be mixed in vinegar residue substrate to improve their physical and chemical properties, and then experimenter can study the effects of different substrate formulations on crop growth and development. Meanwhile, the application of vinegar residue substrate as growing media, such as the cultivation of container and corresponding nutrient solution formula, still lack systematic research.In the experimental study, the vinegar residue, peat and vermiculite mixed in different proportions applied in the cultivation of mini-cucumber were studied in order to filter out suitable substrate formulation of mini-cucumber cultivation; the effect of suitable vinegar residue substrate cultivation container on growth, yield and quality of mini-cucumber were studied; In the case of selecting appropriate cultivation substrate compositions and suitable cultivation container, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the application of vinegar residue substrate cultivation, the suitable nutrient solution formulations for vinegar residue substrate cultivation of mini-cucumber were further studied. Main research results were as follows:By adding a certain amount of vermiculite and peat into vinegar residue, various physical and chemical parameters of mixed substrate can achieve the basic requirements of ideal soilless cultivation substrate; compared to the control (peat:vermiculite= 2:1(V/V)), the plants of mini-cucumber grew well and fruit characters, yield and other comprehensive performance were better in the vinegar residue mixed substrate, in which the mixed substrate of 60% vinegar residue,10% vermiculite and 30% peat performed best. Therefore, the substrate formula mentioned above can replace the composite substrate of peat and vermiculite as a soilless cultivation substrate of mini-cucumber.Different type of cucumber cultivation containers for fruit growth, yield and fruit quality tests showed that mini-cucumber plants of bucket cultivation treatment(T) are robust; Compared with the other two treatments, barrel cultivation(T)significantly increased the yield and number of fruits per plant mini-cucumber, reducing the rate of deformed fruit, and a significant increase in the total soluble sugar and soluble protein content. It illustrated that barrel cultivated organic matrix(T) improved fruit yield and quality, and cultivation barrels can be used as suitable container for mini-cucumber organic substrate cultivation.By preferring suitable nutrient solution formulations for vinegar residue substrate cultivation of mini-cucumber, cultivation experiments indicated that three factors have certain effects on mini-cucumber yield, and the order of the influence is:N> K> Ca. There are obvious interactions between N and K (P<0.01). However, the interactions between Ca and N> K are not significant (P<0.05). The multivariate quadratic egression model of the yield of mini-cucumber and N、K is highly significant (P<0.01). The optimal nutrient solution formula is that the nitrogen level is 20.67mmol··L-1, the potassium level is 10.81mmol·L-1 and the calcium level is 4.64mmol·L-1. Under this condition, the yield of mini-cucumber is 638.8 g per plant. The results of verification test show that plants in the treatment of the optimal nutrient solution formula (as A) (20.67mmol·L-1 N、lmmol·L-1P、 10.58mmol·L-1 K、4.54mmol·L-1 Ca、 2mmol·L-1 Mg) grew well in the blossom period. Except that the transpiration rate of fruit leaf position is significantly lower than CK, the net photosynthetic rate and the transpiration rate of three positions are obviously higher than other treatments. The fruit quality of A is significantly better than other treatments and the yield per plant is highest.