Studies On Grape Cultivars And The Suitable Cultivation Techniques In Jurong

Currently, cultivated grapes in Jurong of Jiangsu province has covered an area of about 2666.67 hectare. This work examined the situation of the grape industry in Jurong by citing some powerful data and on-the-spot investigation. And several grape cultivars of ’Kyoho’, ’Summer Black’, "Manicure Finger’,’Wink’ were employed as plant materials for the study of influences of the cultivation techniques, including treatments with different concentrations of GA3 and CPPU, root restriction cultivation, and rain shelter cultivation, on seedless rate, yield, size and quality of fruits. The main results are as follows:1. Based on the data of investigation, the main cultivated grape varieties in Jurong include "Kyoho", "Summer black", "Manicure Finger", "Rosario Bianco", "Gold Finger", "Wink" and other early-late maturing high-quality grape varieties. And the others are some unusual new varieties, such as "Sun Rose", "Black Beet", "Red Baladuo", "Black Baladuo" and so on.2. Taking "Kyoho", "Summer black" and "Wink" grapes as examples, they were treated with different concentrations of GA3 and CPPU according to the way of first treatment or second treatment for producing seedless fruit. The results showed that the effect of different concentrations, different treatment methods of GA3 and CPPU on fruit development in the three grapes were different. The second treatment was more beneficial than the first treatment. The effect of the first treatment with 25 mg/L GA3+5 mg/L CPPU during 1 week before flowering was the best, and the seedless rate can reach 82.5%. The seedless rate was as high as 100% in the second treatment during 1 week before flowering with 12.5 mg/L,25 mg/L GA3 treatment. However, taking the single fruit weight and soluble solids content into account, the effect of treatment with the combine of GA3 12.5 mg/L 1 treatment during 1 week before flowering and GA3 25 mg/L+CPPU 5 mg/L during 2 weeks after full flowering was the best. For example, single fruit weight was up to 19.5g and 253.2% of the control, and soluble solids content was 17.68% and 120.3% of the control. Compared to the control, the fruit shape index of "Kyoho", "Wink", "Summer Black" grapes tended to decrease by the first treatment, and tended to increase by the second treatment.3. The impact of root restriction cultivation was studied with "Kyoho", "Wink", "Summer black" grapes. And the results showed that this cultivation technique could significantly improve grape berry quality and yield and enhance bud differentiation, flower growth and fruit setting compared to non-root restriction cultivation.4. The impact of root restriction cultivation was studied with "Manicure Finger", "Wink", "Kyoho" grapes. And the results showed that the rain shelter cultivation promoted the accumulation of carbohydrate, the decomposition of organic acid and the form of polyphenols of grape. However, the formation of anthocyanin decreased because of the influence of rain shelter on the light. Therefore, light would have important significance on improving the quality of fruit in the rain shelter cultivation.