| At present, low utilization rate of fertilizers, unbalanced nutrients in soils, much harder control of diseases and pests, poor resistance to natural disasters and low fruit quality were commonly exist in production and management of apples and jujubes. However, excessive emphasis were focused on macro elements and neglect of secondary and neglected micro elements in apple and jujube production. Study showed that rational application of the secondary elements such as Si, Ca and K fertilizers can supply the soil with Si, Ca and K, so as to meet the growth requirement of fruit trees, improve fruit quality and fruit yield. The paper mainly studied the effects of ’Fulibang’ Si, Ca and K fertilizer on yield, growth and quality of apples and jujubes after application at apple trees in Jixian County and jujube trees in Taigu County.The results as follows.(1) Weight per 100 fruits increased 3.2 kg than that of CK, after applyed 4 kg’Si, Ca and K fertilizer to 1 tree. And significant difference showed in the weight of 2 kg/plant,1 kg/plant and CK. Si, Ca and K fertilizer can provide necessary nutrients for the growth of apples and can improve the yield. Yield after applying 4 kg,2 kg and 1 kg to 1 tree respectively increases 14.1%,8.5% and 3.4%.(2) After applyed the Si, Ca and K fertilizer, the growth of apple branch speeded up, and new shoots grew vigorously. New shoots increase 7.8 cm on average after applying 4 kg fertilizer, which is 32.1% higher than that of the CK. Applied the Si, Ca and K fertilizer can also improve the growth of apple leaves, enlarge leaf area, and ensure sufficient nutrition of leaves. There is a significant improvement for leaf growth after applied 4 kg fertilizer, in which the weight per 100 leaves increased 35.1 g.(3) After applyed the Si, Ca and K fertilizer, the fruit set rate of Fuji apple is significantly increased, especially if applied 4kg fertilizer, the rate of first-class fruit increases 9.6% than that of the CK. After applied the fertilizer, Fuji apple has shining and uniform-colored surface, good taste, high sugar content, low fruit-cracking rate and more first-class fruits.The results of test on jujube trees at Shazedi of Xiaobai Village in Taigu County are as follows.(1) Applying the Si, Ca and K fertilizer can improve the growth of jujube leaves. Leaf area of the CK is 637.0 mm2. And after applying 1 kg,2 kg and 4 kg fertilizer to the jujube trees, the leaf area became 688.4 mm2,713.5 mm2 and 797.6 mm2 respectively, which showed a significant increase for leaf area.(2) After applyine the Si. Ca and K fertilizer.content of organic acids. VC and soluble sugar in iuiubes is increased, especially when the applying amount is 4 kg/plant. The order of significance from high to low is 4 kg/plant,2 kg/plant and 1 kg/plant.(3) Applying of the Si, Ca and K fertilizer can significantly strengthened resistance to diseases and pests of jujube tree, reduced fruit cracking and diseased fruit rate, so as to improve the economic benefit.(4) After applyed the Si, Ca and K fertilizer, the ratio between bearing shoot and fruit, the weight per fruit and yield were all significantly improved. Especially when the applying amount is 4 kg/plant, the yield increases 21.8%.Based on the research of this study, we acknowledged the importance of the Si, Ca and K fertilizer in the production of the fruit, and will guild the production of the fruit tree and increasing the quality of fruits. |
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