Study On The Effects Of Nitrogen And Potassium Fertilizer On Yield And Water Consumption Pattern Of Hybrid Millet

Hebei as the main province of grain, cultivating area of millet reduced year by year, itdo effect the security of grain. Zhangjiakou academy of agricultural science instituteproduced a series of millet, compared with conventional millet varieties that “Zhangzagu”series of hybrid millet showed high yield and remarkable economical benefit. Research ona reasonable manure fertilization program of hybrid millet was still at an early stage.Therefore, this paper is about to determine a reasonable manure fertilization programthrough research on the effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on yield and waterconsumption characteristics of hybrid millet.Millet sample were based on field experiments in Zhangjiakou of Hebei provinceacademy of agricultural sciences that the research object was "Zhangzagu No.5" hybridmillet. Under different nitrogen and potassium fertilizer level, using the method of fieldand indoor test, to study the response characteristics of hybrid millet, this paper revealedthe effect mechanism of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on the growth of hybrid millet,physiological characters, water consumption characteristics, fertilizer using characters, andput forward the optimum fertilization scheme which provided scientific theory basis for thehigh-efficient and high-yield hybrid millet.To study the effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on hybrid millet, thisexperiment designed two tests about N and K. Nitrogen fertilizer experiment was dividedinto6nitrogen treatments, which were0,100,200,300,300(used in different nitrogenapplication period),400kg/hm2, respectively. Potassium fertilizer experiment was dividedinto6treatments,0,100,200,300,300(used in different potassium application period),400kg/hm2, respectively. Analyses and measurements of different physiological indexes ofeach period of hybrid millet were showed that nitrogen and potassium fertilizer weresignificantly influenced the growth and production of hybrid millet.(1) Nitrogen and potassium had significantly effect on height, leaf area and stemdiameter in each period of planting millet. On earlier stage of growthing millet, plantheight, leaf area and stem diameter were not significant change, when it was in later period,each treatment was greatly increased. And in nitrogen and potassium experiments, the plantheight, leaf area and performance of thick stems were N>K. With increased of nitrogen andpotassium dosage, plant height, leaf area, stem diameter showed a increasing trend at first and decreased at the end, N3and K3treatments were affected significantly.(2) During the time of growth, dry matter accumulation of aerial part of hybrid millettrend is slow at first and being quick after, reached the maximum in millet mature period.Millet dry matter mainly accumulated in later period of growth, treatments weresignificantly different.(3) Daily water consumption of hybrid millet in growing stages in different treatmentswere different from jointing to earring. N0was the highest in nitrogen fertilizer experiment,and K0was the smallest in. Although, daily water consumption of hybrid millet in growingstages in different treatments were different, N3、K3of total water consumption were thehighest. Fertilizer had little influence on the water consumption of hybrid millet, which hadcertain influence on water use efficiency. Water use efficiency of millet increased by3.82%~23.35%under conditions of nitrogen fertilizer, and water use efficiency of milletincreased by5.23%~15.3%under conditions of potassium fertilizer. The highest WUE ofdifferent fertilizer experiments were N3and K3, Which were14.43kg/(mm hm2) and14.80kg/(mm hm2), respectively. A moderate amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizercould improve millet water use efficiency.(4) Determination of foxtail millet photosynthesis characteristic index, we found thatthe nitrogen and potassium can improve the millet of Pn, E, and WUESL. In nitrogen andpotassium experiments, N3and K3treatments were the highest. And WUESLof thenitrogen fertilizer experiment was more significant than the potassium fertilizer experiment.A moderate amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on soil were significant effectedthe millet photosynthesis, but excessive fertilization was not good for milletphotosynthesis.(5) Accumulation and efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in millet weredifferently increased degree when nitrogen and potassium fertilizer were applied in hybridmillet. Nitrogen was appreciable impact on accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus andpotassium in millet, but K only appreciable impact for millet potassium accumulation, andthe impact about nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation was small. N3and K3treatmentsin nitrogen fertilizer experiment in the highest utilization rate of fertilizer.(6)Moderate increasing the nitrogen fertilizer dosage can improve millet yield,especially in the earring stage that can conducive to the formation of seeds. Namely innitrogen fertilizer trials, millet grain yield of N3(300kg/hm2) and N5(400kg/hm2) werethe better treatments, respectively8202kg/hm2and8537kg/hm2, the difference betweenthe two treatments was not significant. K3was the highest in the potassium experiment for8348kg/hm2, in300kg/hm2base potassium application.