Physiological Characteristics And Production Capacity Of Different Winter Wheat Genotypes In Dry Land In Shaanxi

Good variety was the genetic basis of wheat to get higher yield and better quality. Underthe same environmental conditions, the species which had good performance in agronomic,physiological characteristics, yield and quality indicators were more likely to be accepted andpromoted. In this study, nine winter wheat genotypes were used as materials in dry land inShaanxi to research the changes of agronomic traits, physiological characteristics, grainquality and water use efficiency, analyze the relationships between physiologicalcharacteristics and yield, yield components and quality parameters. The main results were asfollows:1.There were differences between different genetic winter wheat in the agronomic andphysiological characteristics. HM385was excellent one which were dwarf plant type, moresecondary roots，high dry matter accumulation speed, large panicle length and flag leaf area,high net photosynthetic rate after the flowering period, large grain number(45.53)and highestyield which was higher by344.14kg than Jinmai47(the control). HM385was more suitablethan other wheat genotypes to be cultivated in dry land in Shaanxi.2. Under the dry conditions, there were differences between different genetic winterwheat in photosynthetic characteristics and the difference were increasing from floweringstage or after flowering stage. Net photosynthetic rate were positive correlated with grainnumber and yield, and the correlation coefficient of net photosynthetic rate and grain numberwas0.407(P <0.01) in the filling stage. There were differences between different geneticwinter wheat in canopy temperature. In the same growth stages，correlation between canopytemperature and photosynthetic characteristics like net photosynthetic rate, stomatalconductance and transpiration rate, and so on, were consistency that showing positivecorrelations in the heading stage, negative correlations in the flowering stage, high significantpositive correlations in the filling stage(P <0.01). There were a negative correlation between canopy temperature and SPAD-value, and the correlation coefficient was-0.718(P <0.01) inthe flowering stage. There were a negative correlation between canopy temperature and yield,the correlation coefficient was largest in the heading stage (r=-0.552, P <0.01),with thegrowth of wheat, the correlation was reduced after this stage. There were a negativecorrelation between canopy temperature and soil water use efficiency (WUEs), and thecorrelation also decreases with the growth of wheat.3.Grain protein content and wet gluten content of Hanfeng115were higher than otherwinter wheat genotypes, and higher by19.6%and23.2%than Jinmai47. Kernel qualityproperties, protein quality properties, farinograms and Extensgrams of C34-3, HM385,Xinong6082and Xinong418were all higher than Jinmai47.4. There were a great relationship between water use efficiency and yield and grainquality. There were a positive correlation between flag leaf instantaneous water use efficiency(WUEl) and yield grain protein content and wet gluten content, the correlation coefficientwere0.426(P <0.01) and0.416(P <0.01) in the filling stage. The relationship between WUEsand yield and test weight were a positive correlation, the correlation coefficient was0.980(P<0.01) and0.537(P <0.05).