Studies On The Identification And Chemical Constituents Of "Lu-ji" Mushroom

In this paper, the materials were identified by using morphological and molecularbiological method. The nutrition ingredients analysis and safety evaluation were studiedbetween the wild and cultivated materials. Then for using the edible and medical mushroommore reasonable and better, the paper also studied on the chemical constituents andwater-extract acute toxicity of fruiting bodies.The spores of materials are subglobose or ellipsoid and similar to the ones of Lyophyllumfumosum on the morphology and the ITS sequences are not the same between the materials andLyophyllum decastes. So we concluded preliminarily that the materials are not the Lyophyllumdecastes, but maybe the Lyophyllum fumosum.The content of the amino, vitamins, et al was compared and analyzed between the twomaterials. The results showed the amino is lower in the cultivated material than in the wild one,but higher than the Lentinula edodes, Flammulina velutipes and Pleurotus eryngii. The vitaminB1and B2, respectively24.9mg,8.0mg in the former, are higher than the latter,23.2mg,6.8mg per100g dry fruiting bodies.By using the single factor and comprehensive factor index method, the study evaluated thelevel of heavy metals pollution. It came to that the cultivated material is level1products andsuitable for edible and export, including little heavy metals. But the wild material is level3products, heavy metals out of limits. The content of ergosterol in the cultivated and wildmaterials is respectively0.756mg/g and0.681mg/g by HPLC. The cultivated materials aremore suitable for edible.The chemical constituents from the fruiting bodies were studied in this paper. Eighteencompounds were isolated and purified by column chromatographies on silica gel and SephadexLH-20. But only thirteen compounds were identified by MS and NMR analysis asadenosine(1),2R,3S,4S,8E)-2-[(2′R)-2-hydroxyheneicosanoylamino]-8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol(2),2R,3S,4S,8E)-2-[(2′R)-2-hydroxypentacosanoylamino]-8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol(3), nicotinic acid(4),(4E,8E)-2-N-2-hydroxytetracosanoyl-1-O-β-D-glycopyranosyl-9-methyl-4,8-sphingadienine(5),D-mannitol(6),ergosteryl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7),tuberoside(8),(2R,3S,4S,8E)-2-[(2′R)-2-hydroxybehenoylamino]-8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol(9),(2R,3S,4S,8E)-2-[(2′R)-2-hydroxytricosanoylamino]-8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol(10),(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α,6β-triol(11),(22E,24R)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol(12),5α, 8α-epidiory-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(13),respectively. GC-MS analysis was used toisolate and identify the constituents of the oil-like material. There are thirteen compounds suchas cyclotetradecane, methylhexadecanoate, and so on. The (Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid isthe highest unsaturated fatty acid, account for77.436%of the total.At last, the acute toxicity test of the water-extract was studied with the maximum dose15.309g/kg. After intra-gastric administration14days, the results show that none of mice weredied and it had no effective influence on mice height.