Study On The Chemical Constituents And Their Bioactivities Of Moringa Oleifera Stem

With vast territory and abundant plant resources,China has a unique foundation for the research and development of natural products.Especially in the tropical regions with unique climate,there are many unique medicinal plant resources,and there is great potential to explore the natural compounds with physiological activities from these natural resources.This paper takes moringa oleifera,known as the "miracle tree",as the experimental object.The chemical constituents of moringa oleifera stem were studied systematically,and the activity of the isolated and identified monomer compounds was screened out.Moringa oleifera Lam.,belonging to Moringaceae family,is widely distributed in tropic and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa.It's roots,stems,leaves,flowers,seeds,and bark are rich with nutrition and medicinal propose.There are lack of research on the regulatory effects of the gastrointestinal tract,as well as on the active components of its anti-parkinsonism,anti-diabetes,and anti-tumor.Therefore,this experiment studied the isolation,structure identification and biological activity of its chemical composition.Twenty-seven compounds were isolated from M oleifera by various chromatographie methods.Their structures were elucidated by physical and chemical properties,as well as spectral data(NMR,MS,IR,UV),which identified to:moringa GLY(1),4-(a-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)benzaldehyde(2),O-ethyl-4-(a-L-rhamnosyloxy)benzyl carbamate(3),isorhamnetin-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(4a),isorhamnetin-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(4b),2-phenylethyl-?-D-)-glucoside(5),benzyl-?-D)-glucopyranoside(6),4-L-rhamnose-benzoic acid(7),phenyl ?-D-glucopyranoside(8),1-O-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)?-L-rhamnopyranoside(9),(+)-lariciresinol(10),3-(?,4-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)tetrahydrofuran(11),(7S,8R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol(12),(+)-macadiol(13),(+)-diethyl pinoresinol(14),(+)-pinoresinol(15),evofolin B(16),erythro-guaiacylglycerol-?-O-4'-dihydroconiferyl alcohol(17),tricyclohumuladiol(18),9a-hydroxy-2?-methoxyclovane(19),3?-hydroxy-oleana-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid(20),3?-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid(21),salicylic acid(22),p-hydroxy benzaldehyde(23),vanillin(24),9,10,1 3-trihydroxy-(E)-11-octadecenoic acid(25)and 3,5,7,9-dodecatetraene(26).Among them,compound 1 is a new glycoside,compound(4b)is a new natural product and compounds 10-20 were isolated from M oleifera for the first time.The cytotoxic activities(human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562,human hepatoma cells BEL-7402,human gastric carcinoma cell SGC-7901,human lung cancer cells A594 and human cervical cancer cell Hela)of compounds 2-7,10-13,15-17 and 20-26 were measured in vitro by MTT method,the results showed compound 6 and 21 had significant cytotoxic activities against BEL-7402 and SGC-7901 with IC50 values of compounds 6:19.22 and 29.83 ?M,compound 21:7.27 and 29.83 ?M,respectively.Compound 21 had significant cytotoxic activities against K562,A594 and Hela with IC50 values of 17.90,22.28 and 20.05?M,respectively.The acetylcholinesterase(AChE)inhibitory activity of the compouds 1-17,19 and 21-26 were tested in vitro by Ellman's method.The experimental results showed that compounds 2,5-7,10-11,14-15,17,19,21,23,24 and 26 exhibited weak inhibitory activity,as well as compounds 4 and 13 showed moderate inhibitory activity with IR 37.79%and 34.46%respectively(sample concentration is 500?g/mL).The determination of a-glucosidase inhibitory activity was carried out using the PNPG method for compounds 1-26.The results showed that compounds 10,11 and 23 presented strong inhibitory activity against a-glucosidase with IR 68.44%,65.26%and 85.22%,respectively(sample concentration is 50 ?g/mL).