Study On Site Selection And Risk Assessment Of International Cold Chain Logistics Network Node For Fresh Agricultural Products

Chinese fresh agricultural products is rich in species and resources, moreover the output of fresh agricultural products is now among the world highest. Domestic and foreign trades of fresh agricultural products need cold chain logistics support, however our cold chain logistics industry started late and the perfect system of cold chain logistics has not been established. The loss rate was higher of fruits and vegetables on the storage, transportation, distribution in the course of logistics operation from 25% to 30%. Because that there are lacking of cold storage, refrigerated vehicles and other infrastructure facilities, and the technologies of refrigeration, insulation and quality test are slow development, furthermore the cold chain not been used in the most agricultural products logistics operations. While the developed countries have formed perfect cold chain logistics system, after the fruits and vegetables are harvested, they will be pre-cooling and cold storage, then refrigerated transport to the wholesale cold storage, finally distribute to the consumers refrigerator, so that the loss rate was below 5%. In addition, the international trade of fruits and vegetables are restricted to cold chain logistics, although the fruits and vegetables production is large, the exports accounted for only 1% to 2% of total production, and 80% of the exports was primary products, lacking of effective competition in the international market. Therefore, China should accelerate the integrated cold chain logistics of "from farm to fork" and build a sound international cold chain logistics network, in order to improve the operational efficiency of international logistics, save logistics cost, ensure goods security, promote the prosperity of the international trade of fresh produce.Firstly, on the basis of the research status of fresh agricultural products international cold chain logistics both at home and abroad, the concept of fresh produce international cold chain logistics was proposed, and the constitution of the logistics system was explored, as well as the operation process of international logistics was studied. The development of agricultural cold chain logistics were comparative analysis between China and the developed countries such as the United States, Japan, the Netherlands, and find out the existing problems in the development of cold chain logistics in China. The article put forward the suitable mode for the development of the international cold chain logistics of fresh produce in Chain, and built the international cold chain logistics network.Secondly, the location collaborative optimization model of logistics parks and road ports on the fresh agricultural products’international cold chain logistics network was constructed for optimizing the international logistics operation, thus the operational aspects were reduced and the logistics resources were integrated, also make the international cold chain logistics development large scale and networked. The goal of modeling was the lowest comprehensive cost of logistics operation, including the freight of international transport, park transaction costs, road port costs and the costs of vegetables and fruits rotted. The model was solved by the genetic algorithm, and Matlab programming was used to find the optimal solution. Last, the paper gave a case of Yunnan province’s network node location optimization of fresh agricultural products’international cold chain logistics, and got the most appropriate logistics parks and road ports to make the operation cost lowest of the fresh agricultural products international logistics, moreover the rationality of the model and the science and effectiveness of the algorithm were proved.Finally, considering the operation of international cold chain logistics is at higher risk, in order to ensure the safety of logistics operation the paper system analyzed the operation risk of international cold chain logistics to find out the main risk factors and understand the internal structure and clear feedback mechanism of risk system, then built the system dynamics model of the risk. The international trade of fruits and vegetables in Tonghai country of Yunnan province was studied. The dynamic change trend of logistics operation risk and the balance of risk, risk control strategy and the cost of control were by simulation. In the end the appropriate risk control strategies were presented for the reference for the logistics enterprise.